Etymologie, Etimología, Étymologie, Etimologia, Etymology
US Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika, Estados Unidos de América, États-Unis d'Amérique, Stati Uniti d'America, United States of America
Informatik, Informatique, Informatics

9

90 Nanometer (W3)



(E?)(L1) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/9/90_nanometer.html

90 nanometer is the buzzword of choice (2000-2004) for an advanced semiconductor manufacturing process that combines higher-performance, lower-power transistors, strained silicon, high-speed copper interconnects and low-k dielectric material. Some of the new technologies in 90 nm are strained silicon which causes one type of transistor to switch faster, ...
...


Erstellt: 2010-11

A

ABEND (W3)

Der Abend ist normalerweise der normale Abschluss des Tages. Es gibt aber auch ein "ABEND", das einen unnormalen Abschluss bezeichnet.
Das engl. "ABEND" ist die Abkürzung für "ABnormal END". Es wird vor allem in der Datenverarbeitung benutzt und bezeichnet z.B. ein beliebtes Verhalten eines PCs. Eingeführt wurde der Begriff allerdings mit einer Fehlermeldung der IBM Grossrechner der "frühen" Jahre.

Mittlerweile hat es im Zusammenhang mit E-Mails eine weitere Bedeutung erhalten: "Abwesend durch erzwungenen Netz-Entzug", zur Information von Kommunikationspartnern, dass man (aus unterschiedlichen Gründen) (zeitweise) nicht erreichbar ist.


(1) Acronym for "abnormal end" of task. It refers to software crashes or lossage. Derives from an error message on the IBM 360.
(2) Acronym for "Absent By Enforced Net Deprivation". Sent in e-mail subject lines warning friends and others of forced loss of Internet access (due to moving, network outages, or illness).


(E?)(L?) http://www.dicofr.com/cgi-bin/n.pl/dicofr/firstchar/a
(E?)(L?) http://www-306.ibm.com/software/globalization/terminology/index.jsp
abend | abend reason | abnormal end of task (abend) | transaction abend code | user transaction abend code

(E?)(L1) http://www.isaca.org/glossary.htm
(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/
(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/t/TheJargonLexicon.html
(E?)(L?) http://jargonf.org/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:A
(E?)(L?) http://dictionary.reference.com/
(E?)(L1) http://www.urbandictionary.com/
(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/ABEND.html
(E?)(L?) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_computer_term_etymologies
(E?)(L?) http://www.wordsmith.org/awad/archives/0900


abort (W2)

(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/abort.html
To stop a program or function before it has finished naturally. The term "abort" refers to both requested and unexpected terminations. For example, many applications let you abort a search or a print job. On the other hand, programs can abort unexpectedly for any of the following reasons: When a program aborts, you are usually returned to the operating system shell level. Contrast abort with crash, which makes the entire system, including the operating system, unusable.

Der Begriff für einen unerwarteten Programmabbruch steht auch für den Abbruch einer Schwangerschaft. In beiden Fällen steht das lat. "abortus" = "Abgang" von lat. "ab-oiri" = "abgehen", "verschwinden" Pate. Aber auch der eher umgangssprachliche Ausdruck "Abort" für "Toilette" verdankt seine Bezeichnung, der Tatsache, dass es sich um einen eher "abgelegenen Ort" handelt. Dass an diesem Ort auch etwas "abgeht" und "verschwindet" kann als mnemotische Unterstützung dienen.

Neben dem "Abort" gibt es in der Informationstechnik auch den "Abend". Dies ist die Abkürzung für "abnormal end". Aber auch darin steckt das "ab" in der Bedeutung "weg". Auf dieses "ab" geht auch die "Ebbe" zurück.

ACM (W3)

"ACM" steht für "Association of Computing Machinery".

(E?)(L?) http://cacm.acm.org/news/
(E?)(L?) http://cacm.acm.org/browse-by-subject

Each subject page displays all of the Communications of the ACM research, practice, news and opinion articles categorized as relevant to that subject.

Artificial Intelligence | Communications / Networking | Computer Applications | Computer Systems | Computers and Society | Data / Storage and Retrieval | Education | Entertainment | Hardware | Human-Computer Interaction | Information Systems | Legal Aspects | Management | Performance and Reliability | Personal Computing | Search | Security | Software | Theory


ADA (W3)

Die Programmiersprache "ADA" wurde benannt nach "Augusta Ada Byron" (1815-52), der Tochter von Lord Byron, die Charles Babbage half, Programme für den ersten mechanischen Computer zu entwickeln.

Der weibliche Vorname "Ada" soll seinerseits als Verkürzung von "Adam" gebildet worden sein. Andere Aussagen beziehen den Namen "Ada" allerdings auf den Namen "mad", der auf einem angelsächsischen "ead" = "glücklich" beruhen soll. Weiterhin werden die Namen "Eadith", "Eada", "Auda", "Ada", "Idonea" mit der Bedeutung "tauglich", "ordentlich", "fromm", "aufrichtig", "reich" ins Spiel gebracht.

Eine weitere Variante sieht in dem weiblichen Vornamen "Ada" eine Kurzform von Namen, die mit "Adel-" beginnen, wie etwa "Adelheid" und "Adelgunde".

Auch wird die Herkunft aus dem Hebräischen in Erwägung gezogen und als Bedeutung "Die (vom Herrn) Geschmückte", "Schmuck" angegeben.

Nicht unterschlagen möchte ich auch die Zurückführung auf den Vornamen "Edith", der seinerseits auf germ. "ed" = "Reichtum", "Glück" zurück geführt wird.

(E?)(L?) http://www.3sat.de/nano/cstuecke/36240/index.html

...
"Ada" ist ein Hightech-Zimmer, benannt nach der Tochter des berühmten Dichters, die die erste computerähnliche Maschine programierte. Ada hört, sieht, fühlt und lernt und ist ein Zimmer, das sich freut, wenn es Besuch erhält und den Besuch wieder hinausschmeisst, wenn es genug hat.
...


"ADA" findet man auch als Abkürzung für:

Und "Ada" findet man auch in den Varianten: "Ada 83" | "Ada 95" | "Ada 9X" | "Ada Core Technologies" | "Ada Lovelace" | "Ada Programming Support Environment" | "Ada Semantic Interface Specification" | "Ada Software Repository" | "Ada++" | "Ada-O" | "Ada/Ed".

(E1)(L1) http://www.ahnenforschung.net/cgi-bin/mdbase/mdb.cgi?list=A&db=vornamen
(E1)(L1) http://www.babynamewizard.com/namipedia/girl/ada
(E?)(L?) http://davesgarden.com/guides/botanary/go/7242/
Als botanische Bezeichnung:


Named for "Ada", sister of Artemis in Greek mythology


(E?)(L?) http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/doddict/acronym/a/index.html
"ADA" als Abkürzung für "aerial damage assessment" und "air defense artillery".

(E?)(L?) http://webspace.webring.com/people/ge/edgarbook/names/frames.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Ada
(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/a/Ada.html
(E?)(L?) http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Ada_(Vorname)
(E1)(L1) http://www.gens.labo.net/it/nomi/genera.html?nome=ADA
(E?)(L?) http://www.geoinformatik.uni-rostock.de/einzel.asp?ID=31
(E?)(L?) http://www.glossar.de/glossar/
(E?)(L?) http://mizian.com.ne.kr/englishwiz/library/names/etymology_of_first_names.htm#A
(E1)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Ada
(E1)(L1) http://www.sacklunch.net/personalnames/A/Ada.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.searchforancestors.com/surnames/origin/a/ada.php
(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpA,00.html
(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci211523,00.html
Ada

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci960405,00.html
Ada Byron, countess of Lovelace | Ada Lovelace

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/file-extension/Ada-FileFormat.html
".ada" findet man auch als Dateiendung zur Kennzeichnung von Dateien, die ein "Ada-Programm" enthalten.

(E1)(L1) http://www.tous-les-prenoms.com/prenoms/filles/ada.html
(E?)(L1) http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Ada
(E2)(L1) http://webopedia.internet.com/TERM/A/Ada.html
The high-level programming language has been developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s for the United States Defense Department. Ada was designed to be a general-purpose language for everything from business applications to rocket guidance systems. One of its principal features is that it supports real-time applications. In addition, Ada incorporates modular techniques that make it easier to build and maintain large systems. Since 1986, Ada has been the mandatory development language for most U.S. military applications. In addition, Ada is often the language of choice for large systems that require real-time processing, such as banking and air traffic control systems.

Ada is named after "Augusta Ada Byron" (1815-52), daughter of Lord Byron, and Countess of Lovelace. She helped Charles Babbage develop programs for the analytic engine, the first mechanical computer. She is considered by many to be the world's first programmer.

(E?)(L?) http://www.zoope.com/a/a_names.html


Adobe Gamma Loader.exe (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.processlibrary.com/directory/files/adobe%20gamma%20loader/
(E6)(L?) http://www.tasklist.org/task_AdobeGammaLoader_exe_119.html
Um welches "Gamma" es sich bei diesem Adobe Feature handelt, ist mir leider nicht bekannt. Es dürfte aber etwas mit Farbkanälen zu tun haben.

Alto
Alto Operating System
AOS
Lisa (Personalcomputer) (W3)

Als die Spanier im heutigen Kalifornien auf riesige Bäume stiessen nannten sie diese Gegend "Palo Alto" = "Grosser Baum" (eigentlich eher "hoher Stab"). Daraus entwickelte sich in der San Francisco Bay die gleichnamige Stadt "Palo Alto".

Bekannt wurde die Stadt wegen der 1885 gegründeten "Stanford University" und wegen der vielen Forschungsinstitute und der Elektronikindustrie, die sich in neuerer Zeit dort ansiedelten.

Eine dieser Firmen, Xerox, baute dort ab 1973 den nach der Stadt benannten Mikrocomputer "Alto". Das besondere an diesem Computer war - zu seiner zeit - die grafische Benutzeroberfläche und die Maussteuerung.

Das Betriebssystem dieses Computer hieß konsequenterweise "Alto Operating System" ("AOS").

Eine andere bekannte Firma in Palo Alto ist die 1976 von Steve Jobs und Steven Wozniak gegründete Computerfirma "Apple". Allerdings verlegte Apple 1978 seinen Sitz von Palo Alto nach Cupertino (Kalifornien).

Steve Jobs war es auch, der 1980 die grafische Benutzeroberfläche und die Maussteuerung aus dem XeroxPARC in seinem Personalcomputer übernahm und vermarktete. Diesen nannte er allerdings nach seiner Tochter "Lisa".

Innere Streitigkeiten bei Apple und der hohe Preis verhinderten jedoch einen Erfolg des Personalcomputers "Lisa".

(E?)(L?) http://www.apple.com/
(E?)(L?) http://www.apple-history.com/


arachnotaxis

(Kunstwort) Zusammenziehung aus griech. "arachne" = "Spinne", "Spinnennetz" und griech. "taxis" = "Ordnung" zur Bezeichnung strukturierter URL-Listen, deren Einträge zum Auffinden entsprechender Webseiten dienen. Dieser Methode bedienen sich vor allem Suchmaschinen (>search engine) und Suchverzeichnisse im Internet (>directory); vgl. arachniography.

ascusc
JCMC - Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication

(E?)(L?) http://www.ascusc.org/jcmc/


ascusc
Nicknames, Play and Identity on Internet Relay Chat

(E?)(L?) http://www.ascusc.org/jcmc/vol1/issue2/bechar.html


Avatar (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.yourdictionary.com/cgi-bin/wotd.cgi?word=avatar
(E2)(L2) http://www.blueprints.de/wortschatz/
eine fiktive Figur im Cyberspace; ist in indischen Religionen die Verkörperung eines Gottes auf Erden

(Sanskrit, "Avatara", "Herabstieg"), Als "Avatare" werden im Hinduismus die verschiedenen menschlichen und tierischen Verkörperungen des Gottes Wischnu bezeichnet. In jeder Weltperiode inkarniert Wischnu, um die Guten zu retten und die Bösen zu bestrafen und so die göttliche Ordnung wiederherzustellen.
Heute bezeichnet man als "Avatare" auch virtuelle Personen, die nicht nur als Figur, sondern auch aus Persönlichkeit bestehen. Bekanntes Beispiel eines Avatars ist Lara Croft aus dem Computerspiel Tomb Raider.
(© blueprints Team)

B

barett

(E?)(L?) http://barett.com/technology/portals.htm
Portals - The domain name... net. co. uk. org. uk. plc. uk. ltd. uk Simply enter the domain name...

Information From our offices in London, England, UK and Los Angeles, California, USA we service the main Internet markets today. London Office Phone

BIOS (W3)

"BIOS" steht für "Basic Input Output System".

(E?)(L?) http://www.bios-kompendium.de/
Hans-Peter Schulz (Rufus) Herausgeber und Inhaber des "BIOS Kompendium" stellt ihnen hier in deutsch und kostenlos ausführliche Informationen zu den diversen BIOS und Einstell-Optionen zur Verfügung.

(E?)(L1) http://openbook.galileocomputing.de/kit/
(E?)(L?) http://www-306.ibm.com/software/globalization/terminology/index.jsp
Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) | BIOS | NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System)

(E?)(L1) http://www.iwebtool.com/computer_glossary/
(E?)(L1) http://www.iwebtool.com/what_is_bios.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.iwebtool.com/what_is_netbios.html
(E6)(L?) http://www.javvin.com/protocolsuite.html
NBSS: NetBIOS Session Service over TCP/IP
NetBIOS: Network Basic Input Output System
NetBEUI: NetBIOS Extended User Interface

(E?)(L1) http://www.kublikon.de/lexikon/html/b.php
(E?)(L1) http://www.rfc-editor.org/
(E?)(L?) http://www.rfc-editor.org/cgi-bin/rfcsearch.pl
Based on your search of [NetBIOS] in the All Fields field 7 matches were found

(E?)(L1) http://www.sophos.com/pressoffice/news/articles/2001/11/va_glossary.html#bios
(E6)(L?) http://www.tasklist.org/tasklist_b.html
A comprehensive list of processes running in your computer: BIOS1.EXE | Bios32.exe | biosefui.exe

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/
AMIBIOS | BIOS | NetBIOS

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci213814,00.html


Bit
bit (W3)

Das Kürzel "bit" für "binary digit", der kleinsten Informationseinheit, wurde 1946 von John Tukey, einem Statistiker des "Weissen Hauses", eingeführt.

In der Datenverarbeitung gibt es mittlerweile eine unübersehbare Zahl von Programmen: "Microcode, Betriebsysteme, Systemprogramme, Anwendungsprogramme, Compiler (die eine benutzerfreundliche Computersprache in eine maschinenfreundliche Computersprache übersetzen), Anwendungsprogramme, Datenbanksysteme, ... Aber alle diese Programme und auch alle Daten werden im Hintergrund nur mit Hilfe zweier Zeichen abgespeichert: 0 und 1 - ja und nein - an und aus, wie immer man sie bezeichnen möchte. Ob Programme oder Daten - alles wird in Bits abgelegt. Der Verarbeitende Teil des Computers frisst auf der einen Seite eine "endlose" Kette von Nullen und Einsen und spukt auf der anderen Seite eine ebenso endlos erscheinende Kette von Nullen und Einsen wieder aus. Alles, was Sie hier sehen und die Verwaltung und die Verfahren zur menschenfreundlichen Darstellung auf dem Bildschirm - alles nur Bits und Bytes.

"BIT" ist dabei die Abkürzung von "Binary digiT" = "binäres Zeichen" von lat. "binarius" = dt. "zwei enthaltend" und lat. "digitus" = dt. "Finger".

(E?)(L?) http://www-306.ibm.com/software/globalization/terminology/index.jsp
binary digit (bit) | bit | bit data | bit map | bit mask | bit string | bitmap | bits per inch (bpi) | bits per second (bps) | concatenation bit | gigabits per second (Gbps) | kilobit ( Kb Kb) | kilobits per second (kbps) | low bit rate (LBR) | megabit (Mb) | megabits per second (Mbps) | parity bit | robbed-bit signaling (RBS) | terabit (Tb) |

(E3)(L1) http://webopedia.internet.com/TERM/b/bit.html


(E?)(L1) http://www.iwebtool.com/computer_glossary/
Bit

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpB,00.html
bit | bit bucket | bit depth | bit error rate | bit map | bit padding | bit per second | bit rate | bit robbing | bit stream | bit stuffing | Bit Torrent | bit/sec | BitLocker | bitmap | BITNET | BitPass | bits per second | BitTorrent | bitwise | gigabit | Gigabit Ethernet | gigabit interface converter | kilobit | kilobits per second | megabit | most significant bit or byte | petabit | quadbit | terabit | zone-bit recording | zoned-bit recording | 10-Gigabit Ethernet | 16-bit grayscale | | 8-bit grayscale

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/file-extension-list-A/0,289933,sid9,00.html
BIT

Erstellt: 2011-10

Blue Screen (W3)

Blue Screen (W3)

Der "Blue Screen", "Bluescreen" ist ein kostenloses Feature von Microsoft. Anders jedoch als die meisten anderen Feature ist dieses nicht parametriesierbar. Der Bluescreen ist weder planbar noch reproduzierbar. Der Bluescreen läßt sich auch nicht deinstallieren. Der Bluescreen hängt wie ein Damoklesschwert über der täglichen Arbeit am PC. Der Bluescreen kommt wann er will, aber dann mit gravierenden Folgen. In gewisser Weise hat der Bluescreen Ähnlichkeiten mit einem schwarzen Loch. Gleich nach dem Bluescreen ist auch wirklich nur noch der schwarze Bildschirm zu sehen, bis der PC wieder startet. Dateien, die dem Bluescreen zu nahe kommen verschwinden auf nimmerwiedersehen. Nicht nur dass die noch nicht gespeicherten Änderungen verschwinden. - Nein der gesamte Inhalt einer geöffneten Datei wird vom Bluescreen mit Blanks überschrieben.

Als "Blue Screen" wird allerdings auch eine Filmtechnik bezeichnet, bei der Spezialeffekte mit Hilfe einer blauen Wand und dem Überblenden mehrerer Bilder erzielt werden. Um den PC Blue Screen hiervon zu unterscheiden wird er auch als "Blue Screen of Death" bezeichnet.

(E?)(L?) http://www.bender-verlag.de/lexikon/index.php?pos=B

Lexikon der Filmbegriffe
Blue Screen / Blue Screen-Verfahren
Siehe auch:


(E?)(L?) http://www.computerwissen.de/windows/windows-probleme-loesen/artikel/so-gehen-sie-einem-bluescreen-auf-den-grund.html
(E?)(L?) http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/blue-screen.htm

(E?)(L?) http://jargonf.org/wiki/blue_screen
(E?)(L?) http://www.oedilf.com/db/Lim.php?Word=blue screen
Limericks on blue screen

(E?)(L?) http://www.wasistwas.de/sport-kultur/alle-artikel/artikel/link//5b1be38bea/article/lexikon-blue-screen.html

Lexikon: Blue Screen

Spiderman schwingt durch New Yorker Häuserschluchten, Harry Potter zeigt auf dem Besen sein Quidditchtalent - all das passiert natürlich nicht wirklich, sondern ist nur mit Hilfe des so genannten Blue Screen Verfahrens möglich.
...


(E?)(L?) http://www.wasistwas.de/sport-kultur/alle-artikel/artikel/link//bc014c405f/article/was-ist-ein-blue-screen-verfahren.html

Was ist ein Blue Screen Verfahren?

"Blue - Screen" heißt übersetzt "Blaue Leinwand". Das Blue Screen - Verfahren gibt die Möglichkeit Akteure in unmöglichen Umgebungen zu filmen, ohne sie dabei zu gefährden. Sie können - scheinbar - an Hochäusern hängen, im All schweben oder einfach nur in einem Studiio sitzen, während sich im Hintergrund ständig das Bild wechselt.
...


(E?)(L1) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/B/blue_screen.html
(E?)(L?) http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Screen_(Fehlermeldung)

Ein Blue Screen (auch Bluescreen; zu deutsch: Blauer Bildschirm, von Microsoft offiziell Bugcheck genannt), auch scherzhaft "Blue Screen of Death" ("Blauer Bildschirm des Todes", kurz auch "BSoD") oder Blauer Tod (in Anlehnung an den Schwarzen Tod) genannt, ist eine Beschreibung einer bestimmten Kategorie von Fehlermeldungen (stop errors), die insbesondere von Microsoft-Windows-Betriebssystemen angezeigt werden. Um Schäden an Betriebssystem und Hardware zu verhindern, wird nach einem kritischen Systemfehler das System gestoppt und die Bedienoberfläche des Betriebssystems vollständig durch einen blauen Bildschirm ersetzt, auf dem in weißer Schrift die Fehlerinformationen erscheinen.

Ausgelöst werden diese Meldungen in den häufigsten Fällen nicht durch Fehler in Anwendungsprogrammen, sondern durch Fehler in Gerätetreibern oder in der Hardware. Wird der Blue Screen nicht von einem Defekt in der Hardware ausgelöst, so handelt es sich entweder um einen Programmierfehler in einem Treiber, im Betriebssystemkern, der oft mittels eines Patches vom entsprechenden Hersteller behoben werden kann, oder um eine fehlerhafte Systemkonfiguration. In bestimmten Fällen kann auch ein Fehler in der Softwarearchitektur zu Grunde liegen, der bis zum Ende der Lebensdauer des Produktes erhalten bleibt.
...


(E?)(L?) http://www.www-kurs.de/glossar.htm


(E1)(L1) http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?corpus=8&content=Blue Screen
Abfrage im Google-Corpus mit 15Mio. eingescannter Bücher von 1500 bis heute.

Engl. "Blue Screen" taucht in der Literatur um das Jahr 1980 auf.

Erstellt: 2011-12

Blue Screen of Death (W3)

Blue Screen of Death (W3)

Der "Blue Screen", "Bluescreen" ist ein kostenloses Feature von Microsoft. Anders jedoch als die meisten anderen Feature ist dieses nicht parametriesierbar. Der Bluescreen ist weder planbar noch reproduzierbar. Der Bluescreen läßt sich auch nicht deinstallieren. Der Bluescreen hängt wie ein Damoklesschwert über der täglichen Arbeit am PC. Der Bluescreen kommt wann er will, aber dann mit gravierenden Folgen. In gewisser Weise hat der Bluescreen Ähnlichkeiten mit einem schwarzen Loch. Gleich nach dem Bluescreen ist auch wirklich nur noch der schwarze Bildschirm zu sehen, bis der PC wieder startet. Dateien, die dem Bluescreen zu nahe kommen verschwinden auf nimmerwiedersehen. Nicht nur dass die noch nicht gespeicherten Änderungen verschwinden. - Nein der gesamte Inhalt einer geöffneten Datei wird vom Bluescreen mit Blanks überschrieben.

Als "Blue Screen" wird allerdings auch eine Filmtechnik bezeichnet, bei der Spezialeffekte mit Hilfe einer blauen Wand und dem Überblenden mehrerer Bilder erzielt werden. Um den PC Blue Screen hiervon zu unterscheiden wird er auch als "Blue Screen of Death", "BSoD", bezeichnet.

(E?)(L?) http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/B/Blue-Screen-of-Death.html

...
The following entry from the Salon Haiku Contest, seems to have predated popular use of the term:

????????Windows?NT?crashed.
????????I?am?the?Blue?Screen?of?Death
????????No?one?hears?your?screams.


(E?)(L?) http://www.netlingo.com/inframes.cfm
(E?)(L?) http://www.oedilf.com/db/Lim.php?Word=Blue Screen of Death
Limericks on Blue Screen of Death

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpB,00.html
(E?)(L1) http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Blue+Screen+of+Death
(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/b/blue_screen_of_death.html


(E1)(L1) http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?corpus=8&content=Blue Screen of Death
Abfrage im Google-Corpus mit 15Mio. eingescannter Bücher von 1500 bis heute.

Engl. "Blue Screen of Death" taucht in der Literatur nicht signifikant auf.

Erstellt: 2011-12

Bluescreen (W3)

Der "Bluescreen" ist ein kostenloses Feature von Microsoft. Anders jedoch als die meisten anderen Feature ist dieses nicht parametriesierbar. Der Bluescreen ist weder planbar noch reproduzierbar. Der Bluescreen läßt sich auch nicht deinstallieren. Der Bluescreen hängt wie ein Damoklesschwert über der täglichen Arbeit am PC. Der Bluescreen kommt wann er will, aber dann mit gravierenden Folgen. In gewisser Weise hat der Bluescreen Ähnlichkeiten mit einem schwarzen Loch. Gleich nach dem Bluescreen ist auch wirklich nur noch der schwarze Bildschirm zu sehen, bis der PC wieder startet. Dateien, die dem Bluescreen zu nahe kommen verschwinden auf nimmerwiedersehen. Nicht nur dass die noch nicht gespeicherten Änderungen verschwinden. - Nein der gesamte Inhalt einer geöffneten Datei wird vom Bluescreen mit Blanks überschrieben.

(E2)(L1) http://www.mundmische.de/


(E?)(L?) http://www.oedilf.com/db/Lim.php?Word=bluescreen
Limericks on bluescreen

(E?)(L?) http://www.pcwelt.de/ratgeber/Windows-Probleme-So-beseitigen-Sie-Bluescreens-bei-Windows-423706.html

...
Wenn Ihr PC bei einem Bluescreen sofort neu startet, ohne dass Sie die Meldung entziffern können, schalten Sie den automatischen Windows-Neustart ab. Die Option dazu finden Sie via Start/Systemsteuerung/Leistung und Wartung/System/Erweitert. Wählen Sie dort unter "Starten und Wiederherstellen" die Einstellungen. Es öffnet sich ein Fenster, in dem Sie "Automatisch Neustart durchführen" deaktivieren. In Windows Vista steckt die Option unter Systemsteuerung/System und Wartung/System/Erweiterte Systemeinstellungen.
...
Mit etwas Glück finden Sie die Lösung zu Ihrem Problem unter den fünf häufigsten Gründen für einen PC-Absturz. Diese sind im Folgenden beschrieben. Außerdem geben wir Ihnen allgemeine Ratschläge, um einem Absturz vorzubeugen und die Ursache zu beseitigen.


(E?)(L?) http://www.vvork.com/?tag=blue-screen
»accidentalbluescreen« by John Michael Boling

(E1)(L1) http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?corpus=8&content=Bluescreen
Abfrage im Google-Corpus mit 15Mio. eingescannter Bücher von 1500 bis heute.

Engl. "Bluescreen" taucht in der Literatur um das Jahr 1980 auf.

Fehlermeldung (Ereignisanzeige) nachträglich anzeigen lassen (WINDOWS 7):

Fehler und Warnungen lassen sich dank Datumsangabe relativ genau einem Absturz zuordnen. Ein Doppelklick auf den Eintrag liefert weitere Infos.

Fehlermeldung vom 02.12.2011 

  - Provider
   [ Name]  Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-Power
   [ Guid]  {331C3B3A-2005-44C2-AC5E-77220C37D6B4}
   EventID 41
...


Danach habe folgenden Tip befolgt:

(E?)(L?) http://answers.microsoft.com/de-de/windows/forum/windows_7-performance/st%C3%A4ndige-freezes-unter-windows-7-64bit/b31d3bb6-12ce-4e05-9eb0-8a6b26b844f0

• Energiesparplan auf Höchste Leistung (Festplatten ausschalten: NIE (muss seperat angewählt werden, da standardmäßig auf 20" eingestellt))


Erstellt: 2011-12

boot - to boot
booten
bootstrap
bootstrapping
reboot (W1)

Das Hochfahren eines Rechners wird auch dt. "booten", engl. "boot" genannt. Dass der "Stiefel" (engl. "boot") zum Verb wurde und in der Informationsverarbeitung landete, könnte auf die umgangssprachliche Bedeutung "jemandem einen Fußtritt geben" zurück gehen. Aber die Entwicklung scheint etwas interessanter zu sein.

Ausgangspunkt war anscheinend engl. "bootstrap" = "Stiefelschlaufe". Diese Lederschlaufe dient(e) dazu einen Stiefel anzuziehen.

In Analogie zu Baron von Münchhausens Abenteuer, bei dem er sich und sein Pferd an den eigenen Haaren aus dem Sumpf zog, erhielt engl. "bootstrapping" auch die übertragene Bedeutung "sich an den eigenen Stiefelschlaufen hochziehen" (engl. "pull oneself up by one's own bootstraps"). Allgemein bezeichnet "bootstrapping" = "einen Prozess starten", einen Vorgang bei dem ein einfaches System ein komplexeres System startet. Und so fand er seinen Weg in verschiedene technische Bereiche (Elektrotechnik, Informatik, Statistik, Finanzwirtschaft, Wissenschaft, Medizin).

Das engl. "bootstrapping" findet man im US-Englisch seit Mitte des 19. Jh. Möglicherweise entstand es im Umfeld der Cowboys, die sich jeden Morgen mit dem Anziehen der Stiefel auch psychisch auf einen neuen harten Tag vorbereiteten. Das "bootstrapping" bedeutete also jeden morgen auch eine mentale Initialzündung.

In der Computerei tauchte das Wort dann in den 1950er Jahren auf. Dort bezeichnete "bootstrapping" das komplizierte Starten eines Computers. Möglicherweise wurden die Science-fiction-affinen Computer-Freaks zu dieser Begriffsübernahme durch Robert Heinleins 1941 erschienene Zeitreise-Story "By His Bootstraps" angeregt.

Jedenfalls war "bootstrapping" recht passend, da die Aufeinanderfolge von Hardware-nahen Startprogrammen, die das Betriebssystem suchen und starten und schließlich die Anwendungsprogramme und das Laden von Daten ermöglichen, recht bildlich mit dem Ziehen an den "Stiefelschlaufen" verglichen werden kann. Zumal in den Anfangstagen der Computerei das Startprogramm noch über externe Eingabegeräte, z.B. per Lochkarten eingelesen werden mußte.

Dieser Prozess erinnert schon etwas an das "Herausziehen an den eigenen Haaren" bzw. an das "lifting oneself by one's own bootstraps". Und so erhielt das Initialprogramm auch die Bezeichnung "bootstrap loader".

Aber das war schon bald zu lang und wurde zu "bootstrap" und schließlich zu "to boot" abgekürzt. Und da man in den Anfangstagen - und teilweise auch heute noch - den Computer mehrmals starten muß bis er richtig funktioniert, entstand die Bezeichnung "reboot" = "repeating the process".

(E?)(L?) http://37signals.com/bootstrapped

Bootstrapped, Profitable, & Proud
Our Bootstrapped, Profitable, & Proud series profiles companies that have over one million dollars in revenues, didn’t take VC, and are profitable.




(E6)(L1) http://www.anglizismenindex.de/
boot | booten | bootstrap | boot-up | bootlegging

(E3)(L1) http://www.besoindaide.com/ccm/repar/partitio.htm

...
Ce programme, une fois en mémoire, va déterminer sur quelle partition le système va s'amorcer, et il va démarrer le programme (appelé "bootstrap") qui va amorcer le système d'exploitation présent sur cette partition.
...


(E?)(L?) http://www.businessdictionary.com/terms-by-letter.php?letter=B
boot | booting | bootstrapping

(E?)(L?) http://isi.cbs.nl/glossary/bloken00.htm
| balanced bootstrap | bootstrap aggregation | bootstrap methods | bootstrap test | iterated bootstrap

(E?)(L1) http://www.fao.org/fi/glossary/

DEFINITION
A statistical methodology used to quantify the uncertainty associated with estimates obtained from a model. The bootstrap is often based on Monte Carlo resampling of residuals from the initial model fit.


(E?)(L?) http://www-306.ibm.com/software/globalization/terminology/index.jsp
BOOTP | bootstrap data set (BSDS) | Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) | bootstrapping

(E?)(L?) http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/
Boot | Booth School of Business | Bootstrap | Bootstrapping

(E?)(L?) http://www.investopedia.com/categories/bonds.asp
Bootstrapping

(E?)(L?) http://www.investorwords.com/cgi-bin/letter.cgi?b
bootstrap

(E3)(L1) http://mypage.iu.edu/~shetter/miniatures/bootstrapping.htm

166. Your own Bootstraps
Making use of the resources you already have (Apr 06)
Linguistics makes use of the term bootstrapping to study the way in which language learners, especially children acquiring their native language, learn at successively more complex levels by building on more fundamental knowledge already available.
...


(E?)(L1) http://www.iwebtool.com/computer_glossary/
Boot | Boot Disk

(E?)(L?) http://www.jargonf.org/
boot | Boot Camp | boot camp | boot sector | bootable | booter | bootloader | bootP | bootstrap | Bootstring

(E6)(L?) http://www.javvin.com/protocolsuite.html
BOOTP: Bootstrap Protocol

(E?)(L?) http://www.lib.ru/ENGLISH/american_idioms.txt
by one's own bootstraps | by the bootstraps | pull oneself up by the bootstraps | pull oneself up by one's own bootstraps

(E?)(L?) http://www.llengua.info/vocterm/llistat.php?letra=B
bootstrap protocol

(E?)(L?) http://www.oedilf.com/db/Lim.php?Word=???
Limericks on "boot" | "bootable" | "bootblack" | "boot camp" | "boot cut" | "booted" | "bootee" | "Bootes" | "booth" | "booth babe" | "booth bunny" | "Booth, Edwin Thomas" | "bootheel" | "Boot Hill" | "Booth, John Wilkes" | "Booth, Junius Brutus" | "boot hook" | "bootie" | "booties" | "bootiful" | "bootilicious" | "bootjack" | "bootlace" | "bootleg" | "bootlegger" | "bootless" | "bootlessly" | "bootlessness" | "bootlick" | "bootlicker" | "boot out" | "boot sale" | "bootstrap" | "bootstrap loader" | "bootstrapping" | "booty" | "booty call" | "bootylicious"

(E?)(L?) http://www.owad.de/owad-archive-quiz.php4?id=1670
bootleg

(E1)(L1) http://www.owad.de/owad-archive-quiz.php4?id=1775
bootstrap

(E?)(L?) http://www.parasearch.de/mysteria/x/x1127.htm

Bootstrap-Theorie ("Schnürsenkel"-Theorie)
Radikales physikalisches Denkmodell von Geoffrey Chew, das für einen speziellen Teil von subatomaren Teilchen (Hadronen) entwickelt wurde, doch in seiner Ausweitung zu einem allgemeinen naturphilosophischen Konzept zahlreiche New-Age-Denker ( New Age ) beeinflußt hat.
...


(E?)(L?) http://www.pcwelt.de/start/software_os/vista/news/96350/index.html?NLC-Newsletter&id=96350
So bootet Windows Vista

(E?)(L?) http://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/p.html

Pull yourself up by your bootstraps
...
It was known by the early 20th century. James Joyce alluded to it in Ulysses, 1922:
"There were others who had forced their way to the top from the lowest rung by the aid of their bootstraps."
...


(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/boot
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bootblack
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/boot block
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/boot camp
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/booted
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bootee
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Boötes
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/booth
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Boothia Peninsula
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bootie
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bootjack
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bootlace
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bootleg
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bootless
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bootlick
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bootstrap
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/bootstrap memory
(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/booty


(E?)(L1) http://www.reiter1.com/Glossar/Glossar.htm
Bootstrap Siehe Resampling Siehe Randomisierungstest.
...
Bootstrap: Häufiges Ziehen aus der Stichprobe mit Zurücklegen, mögliche Kombinationen weren zufällig erzeugt.
Der Name "Bootstrap" bedeutet sinngemäss "Sich am eigenen Schopfe hochziehen" (Münchhausen), weil man so tut, als ob die Stichprobe die Grundgesamtheit sei.
...

(E?)(L?) http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc-index2.html


(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpB,00.html
boot | Boot Camp | boot loader | boot manager | boot up | bootable floppy | booting | Booting Ubuntu from a Live CD | BOOTP | bootstrap | Bootstrap Protocol | bootstrapping

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpC,00.html
cold boot | dual boot | Master Boot Record | Preboot Execution Environment | Preboot Execution Environment | reboot | warm boot

(E2)(L2) http://www.ureda.de/php/lexikon/ausgabe.php3?liststabe=B&kat=

Bootstrap-Hypothese
...
Für die physikalische Sicht wurde vor allem die damals neue Bootstrap-Hypothese herangezogen, die das Universum als dynamisches Gewebe untereinander verbundener Geschehnisse versteht.
...


(E?)(L1) http://www.usingenglish.com/reference/idioms/pull+yourself+up+by+your+bootstraps.html
Pull yourself up by your bootstraps

(E6)(L1) http://mathworld.wolfram.com/letters/B.html
Bootstrap Methods | Bootstrap Percolation

(E?)(L?) http://mathworld.wolfram.com/topics/AnimatedGIFs.html
Bootstrap Percolation

(E?)(L?) http://mathworld.wolfram.com/topics/InteractiveDemonstrations.html
Bootstrap Methods | Bootstrap Percolation

(E?)(L?) http://zbw.eu/stw/versions/latest/descriptor/about.de.html

Bootstrap-Verfahren
Bootstrap method (engl.)
benutzt für: Bootstrap-Statistik, Bootstrap approach, Bootstrapping
...


(E1)(L1) http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?corpus=0&content=bootstrapping
Abfrage im Google-Corpus mit 15Mio. eingescannter Bücher von 1500 bis heute.

Engl. "bootstrapping" taucht in der Literatur um das Jahr 1900 auf.

Erstellt: 2011-10

BSOD (W3)

"BSOD", "BSoD" steht für "blue screen of death".

(E?)(L?) http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/go01.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.jargonf.org/
(E3)(L1) http://www.netlingo.com/word/bsod.php
(E?)(L?) http://www.oedilf.com/db/Lim.php?Word=BSOD
Limericks on BSOD

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpB,00.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/b/blue_screen_of_death.html
(E?)(L?) http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Screen_(Fehlermeldung)

Ein Blue Screen (auch Bluescreen; zu deutsch: Blauer Bildschirm, von Microsoft offiziell Bugcheck genannt), auch scherzhaft "Blue Screen of Death" ("Blauer Bildschirm des Todes", kurz auch "BSoD") oder Blauer Tod (in Anlehnung an den Schwarzen Tod) genannt, ist eine Beschreibung einer bestimmten Kategorie von Fehlermeldungen (stop errors), die insbesondere von Microsoft-Windows-Betriebssystemen angezeigt werden. Um Schäden an Betriebssystem und Hardware zu verhindern, wird nach einem kritischen Systemfehler das System gestoppt und die Bedienoberfläche des Betriebssystems vollständig durch einen blauen Bildschirm ersetzt, auf dem in weißer Schrift die Fehlerinformationen erscheinen.

Ausgelöst werden diese Meldungen in den häufigsten Fällen nicht durch Fehler in Anwendungsprogrammen, sondern durch Fehler in Gerätetreibern oder in der Hardware. Wird der Blue Screen nicht von einem Defekt in der Hardware ausgelöst, so handelt es sich entweder um einen Programmierfehler in einem Treiber, im Betriebssystemkern, der oft mittels eines Patches vom entsprechenden Hersteller behoben werden kann, oder um eine fehlerhafte Systemkonfiguration. In bestimmten Fällen kann auch ein Fehler in der Softwarearchitektur zu Grunde liegen, der bis zum Ende der Lebensdauer des Produktes erhalten bleibt.
...


(E?)(L?) http://www.www-kurs.de/gloss_b.htm#BSOD


Erstellt: 2011-12

Bug, Debugging (W1)

Why was there a bug in the computer? - It was looking for a byte to eat.

Der "bug" ist ein englischer "Käfer" bzw. eine "Wanze". Zu Zeiten, als die Rechen-Kapazität eines PC noch einen ganzen Saal benötigte, waren diese eine beliebte Zufluchtsstätte für verschiedene Kleintiere. Diese krabbelten ohne Rücksicht über Kabel, Röhren und Platinen. Manche wurden dabei auch mal gebraten und verursachten dabei kleinere Kurzschlüsse. Diese machten sich in fehlerhaften Berechnungen oder Schlimmerem bemerkbar. Und so waren die "bugs" weithin gefürchtet. Und auch heute noch - wo es kaum noch einen Platz für "Käfer" im Rechner gibt - schiebt man ihm jede Fehlfunktion oder unsaubere Programmierung unter den Chitinpanzer.

Das Entfernen von Fehlern nennt man übrigens entsprechend "Debugging".

Als Bezeichnung für einen technischen Fehler soll Grace Murray Hopper den "bug" eingeführt haben. Hopper erfand 1945 den ersten Großcomputer bei der US Navy. Als sie nach einem Maschinenausfall eine Motte darin fand, notierte sie in ihrem Laborbericht "a bug in the computer".

David Wilton weist auf seiner Site "wordorigins" darauf hin, dass der Term "Bug" bereits aus Thomas Edison's Labor entwichen sein könnte. Jedenfalls gibt es Hinweise auf seine Existenz bereits im Jahre 1878, also lange vor dem Computerzeitalter.

"bug" hat verschiedene Bedeutungen: ETYMOLOGY: Origin unknown.

"Bug" ist auch der Name eines geleich zweifach vorkomenden Flusses:

The text of the log entry (from September 9, 1947), reads "1545 Relay #70 Panel F (moth) in relay. First actual case of bug being found". This wording establishes that the term was already in use at the time in its current specific sense - and Hopper herself reports that the term "bug" was regularly applied to problems in radar electronics during WWII.

(E6)(L1) http://www.anglizismenindex.de/
(E3)(L1) http://www.besoindaide.com/ccm/histoire/ordinateur.htm
(E2)(L1) http://www.beyars.com/lexikon/lexikon_2278.html
Der dt. "Bug" bedeutet im Schmuckgeschäft einfach "Keine scharfe Kante".

(E?)(L?) http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/B/bug.html

...
Indeed, the use of bug to mean an industrial defect was already established in Thomas Edison's time, and a more specific and rather modern use can be found in an electrical handbook from 1896 (Hawkin's New Catechism of Electricity, Theo. Audel & Co.) which says: “The term ‘bug’ is used to a limited extent to designate any fault or trouble in the connections or working of electric apparatus.” It further notes that the term is “said to have originated in quadruplex telegraphy and have been transferred to all electric apparatus.”
...


(E1)(L1) http://www.cornelsen.de/teachweb/1.c.142406.de
(E?)(L?) http://www.cornelsen.de/teachweb/1.c.36177.de?parentID=1.c.142406.de
(E1)(L1) http://etimologias.dechile.net/?bug
(E3)(L1) http://www.doubletongued.org/index.php/dictionary/bug/
Ab 1936 gibt es auch Belege für "bug" = "an illegal lottery", "the numbers game"

(E?)(L?) http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/doddict/data/b/00803.html
"Bug" kann auch eine "abhörwanze" bezeichnen.
(E?)(L?) http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=bug
(E?)(L?) http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=bug
Die Bezeichnung "bug" für "Insekt" ist seit 1622 bekannt. Der Werdegang ist nicht bekannt könnte aber auf mengl. "bugge" = "something frightening", "scarecrow" zurückgehen, das noch in engl. "bugbear" (1580) = "Buhmann", "Schreckgespenst" und "bugaboo" = "Schreckgespenst" zu finden ist. Möglich ist ein Zusammenhang mit schott. "bogill" = "goblin", "bugbear". Auch ein untergegangenes walisisches Wort "bwg" = "ghost", "goblin" (walis. "bwgwl" = "threat", davor "fear") und "bogey" = "Kobold", germ. "bögge", "böggelmann" = "goblin" stehen wohl damit in Zusammenhang.

Als Maschinendefekt ist "bug" seit 1889 bekannt, evtl existent seit 1878.

Als Bezeichnung für eine Abhöreinrichtung tritt es seit 1919 auf.

Als Verb mit der Bedeutung "ärgern", "reizen" tritt es seit 1949 auf.

Als Bezeichnung für "eine Person mit einer fixen Idee" ist es seit 1841 zu finden.

(E?)(L?) http://www.fernsehserien.de/index.php?abc=H
In dem Film "Herbie, the Love Bug" (USA 1982) ist es die Bezeichnung für den "Wunderkäfer".

(E?)(L?) http://www.glossar.de/glossar/amglos_b.htm
(E3)(L1) http://www.gutenberg.net/etext04/dcvgr10.txt

(E?)(L?) http://www.internet-abc.de/eltern/bug.php
(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/b/bug.html
(E?)(L1) http://www.lebensmittellexikon.de/sch00240.php
Hier erfährt man, was ein dt. "Bug" ("Schulterstück") zum Essen ist.

(E?)(L?) http://jargonf.org/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:B
(E?)(L?) http://www.musanim.com/mam/unknown.html
bug (1388)

(E?)(L?) http://www.netlingo.com/right.cfm?term=bug
(E?)(L1) http://www.philalex.de/lexikon/b.htm
Auch die Briefmarkensammler haben ihren "Bug", den "leichter Knick in der Marke".

(E?)(L?) http://www.rapdict.org/Bug
Im Rapperjargon bezeichnet "bug" ein "verrücktes Verhalten".

(E?)(L?) http://dictionary.reference.com/
(E?)(L?) http://dictionary.reference.com/help/faq/language/d27.html
What is the difference between a bug and an insect?

Ein engl. "bug" ist ein Mitglied der Ordnung "Hemiptera", dt. "Halbflügler" (Insekten, z. B. Wanzen). Insekten gehören zur Klasse der "Insecta" und sind durch einen dreiteiligen Körper gekennzeichnet, deshalb auch "Insekt" von lat. "insecare" = "einschneiden").

(E?)(L?) http://www.geoinformatik.uni-rostock.de/einzel.asp?ID=-261673066
(E2)(L1) http://www.kruenitz1.uni-trier.de/cgi-bin/callKruenitz.tcl

"Bug", wird beim Fleisch-Einkauf, insgemein derjenige Theil genennet, der sich an einem Vieh (zahmen sowol, als Wildprett) um den Vorderlauf oder das Schulterblatt befindet, von dem Kamme an gerechnet, bis an die Brust, worzu bei dem Schweinevieh die vier ersten Ribben gerechnet werden.
...


(E?)(L?) http://webopedia.com/TERM/b/bug.html
According to folklore, the first computer bug was an actual bug. Discovered in 1945 at Harvard, a moth trapped between two electrical relays of the Mark II Aiken Relay Calculator caused the whole machine to shut down.

(E?)(L?) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_bug
(E?)(L?) http://www.www-kurs.de/gloss_b.htm#Bug
(E?)(L?) http://www.wordorigins.org/index.php/bug/


bugnet

(E?)(L?) http://www.bugnet.com/
gibt Berichte zu Sicherheitsmeldungen und Fehlerberichte heraus; auch als Newsletter;

Byte

Byte ist der grosse Bruder von "Bit". Es besteht aus 8 Bits. Es ist die erste sinntragende Einheit. Z.B. werden Buchstaben und Zahlen mit je einem Byte "verschlüsselt".

Die Abkürzung "byte" steht für "binary term". In der Datenverarbeitung bezeichnet "byte" eine Speichereinheit (üblicherweise 8Bit), zur Aufnahme eines Zeichens.

(E1)(L1) http://www.etymonline.com/
(E6)(L1) http://computer.howstuffworks.com/bytes.htm
(E?)(L?) http://dictionary.reference.com/
(E?)(L?) http://webopedia.com/TERM/B/byte.html
(E?)(L?) http://wissen.schoelnast.at/

Abbreviation for "binary term", a unit of storage capable of holding a single character. On almost all modern computers, a byte is equal to 8 bits. Large amounts of memory are indicated in terms of kilobytes (1,024 bytes), megabytes (1,048,576 bytes), and gigabytes (1,073,741,824 bytes).


Ein anderer Hinweis besagt, dass es sich um die Abkürzung für "by eight" handeln soll.

C

C++

A high-level programming language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs. C++ adds object-oriented features to its predecessor, C. C++ is one of the most popular programming language for graphical applications, such as those that run in Windows and Macintosh environments.

cbttape
MVS-Link-Liste
OS/390-Link-Liste
z/OS-Link-Liste

(E6)(L?) http://www.cbttape.org/
(E6)(L?) http://www.cbttape.org/links.phtml
Downloads
CBT - Top 10 Files - Updates - Overflow - JES3 - JES2 - CBT249 & Older - UCLAmail - Xmit Manager - MVS 3.8J - VM/370 R6 - OS/VS1 - PDS 8.5 - Linux/390 - MVT Mods - Fish's Herc Tools - PC Tools - AWSTAPE

Information
Newsletter - FAQ - Links - Mail & Newsgroups - Fun - Features - Order CD-ROM(s) - Steve Samson - Contribute files - Freebies - Linking to CBT site - Advertising here - Complaints - Workbench - Cross Links - Contact Us - Buy Gear

Interesting Computing Links

Erstellt: 2011-11

Chip graffiti (W3)

Nichtfunktionale Verzierungen auf Elektro-Chips werden auch als "Chip graffiti" bezeichnet.

(E2)(L1) http://www.wordspy.com/words/chipgraffiti.asp


Erstellt: 2010-04

Cloud Computing (W3)

"Cloud Computing" ("CC") ist die Bezeichnung für neue Angebote, bei denen IT-Ressourcen (Anwendungen, Rechnerleistung, Speicherplatz, Daten) dynamisch über das Internet bereitsgestellt werden und nach Verbrauch abgerechnet werden. In der Begriffswolke, die sich darum bildete findet man auch "Computing as a Sevice" ("CaaS"), "Infrastructure as a Sevice" ("IaaS"), "IT as a Service" ("ITaas"), "Platform as a Sevice" ("PaaS"), "Software as a Sevice" ("SaaS") und überhaupt "Everything as a Sevice" ("XaaS").

Wer genau den Begriff "Cloud Computing" geprägt hat, läßt sich anscheinend nicht mehr nachvollziehen. Als Vorläufer dürfte die Darstellung des Internets in Form einer "Wolke" angesehen werden. Die "Wolke" soll in beiden Fällen andeuten, dass die exakte Zuordnung (des Kommunikationsweges bzw. der Service-Erbringung) nicht möcglich oder nicht relevant ist.

(E?)(L?) http://www.bitkom.org/de/themen/36129_61111.aspx

Leitfaden Cloud Computing
Chancen für das Business im Fokus
Cloud Computing und die diesem Phänomen zugrunde liegenden Konzepte sind bisher in deutschen Unternehmen kaum bekannt. In der Überzeugung, dass sich mit Cloud Computing eine Revolution in der IT-Bereitstellung und –nutzung abzeichnet, will der BITKOM mit dem vorliegenden Leitfaden dazu beitragen, dass sich Unternehmen mit Cloud Computing auseinandersetzen und dessen Potenziale für ihr Business erkennen.
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Der vorliegende Leitfaden umfasst 7 Kapitel. Entscheider finden im Kapitel 1 die wesentlichen Aussagen über die Relevanz von Cloud Computing für ihr Business. Das Kapitel 2 zeigt auf, welchen Einfluss Cloud Computing auf Wertschöpfungsketten ausübt. Im Kapitel 3 werden wesentliche Faktoren erörtert, die die Diffusionsgeschwindigkeit von Cloud Computing determinieren. Das Kapitel 4 ist juristischen Fragestellungen vorbehalten. Einsatzszenarien und –beispiele für Cloud Computing werden im Kapitel 5 erläutert, während das Kapitel 6 den Zusammenhang zwischen Cloud Computing und anderen Technologieentwicklungen beleuchtet. Den Leitfaden rundet eine Checkliste im Kapitel 7 ab.


(E?)(L?) http://www.bitkom.org/files/documents/BITKOM-Leitfaden-CloudComputing_Web.pdf

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Cloud Computing ist eine Form der bedarfsgerechten und flexiblen Nutzung von ITLeistungen. Diese werden in Echtzeit als Service über das Internet bereitgestellt und nach Nutzung abgerechnet. Damit ermöglicht Cloud Computing den Nutzern eine Umverteilung von Investitions- zu Betriebsaufwand.
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(E?)(L?) http://www.cio.de/news/cio_worldnews/2228661/

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"Cloudonomics". This is a neologism coined by Joe Weinman meaning the "economics of cloud computing".
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(E?)(L?) http://www.damangmedia.com/cloud-computing/

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While it’s unclear who coined the term "cloud computing", it would seem Google CEO, Eric Schmidt first started throwing it around in the summer of 2006, the same month Amazon's EC2 platform was released. By the time Nicholas Carr published his best seller, “The Big Switch? in January of 2008 the term "cloud computing" has been used to describe anything computational and not running on-site.
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(E?)(L?) http://communication.howstuffworks.com/cloud-computing.htm
How Cloud Computing Works

(E?)(L?) http://www.itchannelplanet.com/commentary/article.php/3765876/

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The phrase "cloud computing" originates in a common symbol - a cartoonish cloud outline - used in network diagrams to represent processes that are either too complex to describe, or systems managed by others. It represents a "black box" in which things happen beyond our understanding or control.
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(E?)(L?) http://www.johnmwillis.com/cloud-computing/who-coined-the-phrase-cloud-computing/

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In doing my research for the guide, I think I have found the first public usage of the term "Cloud" as a metaphor for the "internet" in a paper published by MIT in 1996.
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(E?)(L?) http://www.languagemonitor.com/?s=Cloud+Computing
999,996: "Cloud Computing" - The ‘cloud’ has been technical jargon for the Internet for many years. It is now passing into more general usage.

(E?)(L?) http://www.languagemonitor.com/news/top-words-of-2009
6. Cloud Computing - Using the Internet for a variety of computer services

(E?)(L?) http://cloudcomputing.sys-con.com/node/795054

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"As for the origin of the term “cloud computing”, there are a few possibilities… ...


(E?)(L?) http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE63M3BN20100423

Alastair Goldfisher
Fri Apr 23, 2010 11:17am EDT
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In the more than three years since the term "cloud computing" was coined at the first Cloud Expo, venture capitalists have backed a range of companies that have developed virtualized computing resources to deliver software and information on-demand.
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(E?)(L?) http://itknowledgeexchange.techtarget.com/overheard/overheard-the-new-vocabulary-of-cloud-computing-glossary/

cloud app | cloud arcs | cloud bridge | cloudcenter | cloud client | cloud enabler | cloud envy | cloud OS | cloud portability | cloud provider | cloud service architecture (CSA) | cloud storage | cloudburst | cloud as a service (CaaS) | cloud-oriented architecture (COA) | cloudsourcing | cloudstorm | cloudware | cloudwashing | external cloud | funnel cloud | hybrid cloud | internal cloud | personal cloud | private cloud | public cloud | roaming workloads | vertical cloud | virtual private cloud (VPC)


(E?)(L?) http://gevaperry.typepad.com/main/2008/08/new-cloud-compu.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/c/cloud_computing.html

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The standards for connecting the computer systems and the software needed to make cloud computing work are not fully defined at present time, leaving many companies to define their own cloud computing technologies. Systems offered by companies, like IBM's "Blue Cloud" technologies for example, are based on open standards and open source software which link together computers that are used to to deliver Web 2.0 capabilities like mash-ups or mobile commerce.
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(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/DidYouKnow/Internet/2008/terms_to_know_2009.asp
(E?)(L?) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing

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The actual term "cloud" borrows from telephony in that telecommunications companies, who until the 1990s primarily offered dedicated point-to-point data circuits, began offering "Virtual Private Network" ("VPN") services with comparable quality of service but at a much lower cost. By switching traffic to balance utilization as they saw fit they were able to utilise their overall network bandwidth more effectively. The "cloud symbol" was used to denote the demarcation point between that which was the responsibility of the provider from that of the user. "Cloud computing" extends this boundary to cover servers as well as the network infrastructure.
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(E?)(L?) http://www.zehn.de/die-10-groeszten-vorteile-des-cloud-computing-7241-0

Die 10 größten Vorteile des Cloud Computing
Von Jodok Batlogg am 09.12.2008
Cloud Computing ist die Zukunft des Internet. Warum? Weil es flexibel, sicher und cool ist
So wie am Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts Unternehmen ihre eigenen lokalen Stromgeneratoren zugunsten einer weitaus effizienteren ausgelagerten Stromproduktion aufgaben, werden Rechenleistungen in Zukunft nicht mehr vor Ort sondern in einer weltweit vernetzten Computer-Wolke erbracht werden.
Dafür gibt es gute Gründe.
Die zehn besten davon sind hier zusammengefasst.
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Erstellt: 2010-05

cluster, Kloss, clod, clot, cleat, kloot, Klotz, glautós, gluda, *kludda, *gel- (W2)

Am 25.03.2005 schrieb René Bastian:
Bonjour, ich suche die Etymologie des Wortes "cluster" und bin auf Ihre Webseite gekommen, wo das Wort mit einem "?" gekennzeichnet ist. Das Wort ist in der Musik bekannt ("Tontraube", "grappe de sons"). In meinen lateinischen und griechischen Lexika: kein Resultat, (denn "klyster" hat wahrscheinlich nichts mit "cluster" zu tun)

Der Sprach-Brockhaus (1966) kennt: "die Kluster", Mundart, niederdeutsch : "Gruppe", "Traube".
Matthias Lexers "Mittehochdeutsches Taschenwterbuch" bringt leider nichts.
http://infos.aus-germanien.de/Cluster - in Unkenntnis der deutschen Sprache kommt das wort aus dem Englischen!
Googeln mit "kluster mundart" bringt schon einiges, aber alles daneben, denn Kluster ist nicht Kloster auf kölsch.

Mit dem, auch im Deutschen anzutreffenden, engl. "Cluster" werden in der Informationstechnik zum Beispiel "Gruppen von Terminals oder Rechnern" bezeichnet. Ganz allgemein können Gerätegruppen oder auch Gruppen von Datensätzen als "Cluster" bezeichnet werden.
In der Botanik oder Astronomie bezeichnet man mit "cluster" "Büschel", "(Sternen-)Haufen", "Menge", "Gruppe", "(Trauben- oder Bananen-)Bündel", (Atom-)Cluster usw.

Eine wirklich verbindliche Aussage zur Herkunft des engl. "cluster" habe ich nicht finden können. Es gibt jedoch vage Hinweise, dass es sich vielleicht um ein (lautmalerisches (?)) Wort handelt, das zur Familie der "Klösse" gehört.
Demnach könnte es zusammenhängen mit engl. "clod", "clot" = "(Erd-)Klumpen", engl. "cleat" = "Keil", "Scholle", niederl. "kloot" = "Ball", dt. "Kloß", ahd. "klo" = "Klumpen", "Knäuel", "Kugel", dt. "Klotz", mhd. "kloz" = "Klumpen", "Kugel" "Baumstumpf", griech. "glautós" = "Hinterbacken", russ. "gluda" = "Klumpen", "Kloß".

Falls dies zutrifft, geht es zurück auf ein germ. "*kludda", und weiter auf ide. "*g(e)leu", "*gel-" = "rund machen" = "to make round" (also: "zu einem "Klumpen" formen").

(E?)(L1) http://www.3sat.de/nano/
Clusterforschung

(E?)(L?) http://infos.aus-germanien.de/Cluster
(E2)(L1) http://www.beyars.com/lexikon/lexikon_c_1.html
Cluster-Ring

(E?)(L?) http://clusty.com/
(E6)(L2) http://www.computerhilfen.de/lexikon.php
Bad Cluster | Cluster

(E?)(L?) http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?l=c&p=16
(E?)(L1) http://www.glossar.de/
Cluster - Rechnercluster

(E?)(L1) http://www.ib.hu-berlin.de/%7Ewumsta/infopub/semiothes/lexicon/default/
Clusteranalyse

(E6)(L?) http://www-306.ibm.com/ibm/terminology/
base cluster | cluster | cluster configuration | Cluster feature | cluster formation | cluster joining | cluster membership list | cluster node | cluster queue | cluster queue manager | cluster resource | cluster resource group (CRG) | cluster resource group manager (CRGM) | cluster resource service | cluster service | cluster transmission queue | clustering | ClusterProven | cluster-receiver channel (CLUSRCVR) | cluster-sender channel (CLUSSDR) | device cluster resource group | High-Availability Cluster Multiprocessing for AIX (HACMP for AIX) | Microsoft Cluster Server (MSCS)
(E?)(L1) http://www.lookingatbuildings.org.uk/
Cluster block

(E6)(L?) http://www.musicplasma.com/
musikalische Beziehungen in Clustern

(E?)(L?) http://www.musiklehre.at/fachwortlexikon/a.htm
cluster

(E6)(L1) http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.html
Globular Clusters - Open Clusters - Clusters of Galaxies

(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/
clustergeeking

(E6)(L1) http://www.ngcic.org/
Clusters of Stars

(E6)(L?) http://www.panasonic.de/presse/default.aspx
Cluster-Controller | Cluster-Print

(E?)(L?) http://www.searchenginedictionary.com/
Clustering

(E?)(L?) http://www.seds.org/~spider/ngc/ngc.html
Clusters of Stars

(E6)(L?) http://www.teachsam.de/deutsch/glossar_deu_w.htm
Clustering

(E?)(L?) http://www.theninemuses.net/hp/list.html
Cockroach Cluster

(E?)(L1) http://www.transtec.de/D/D/compendium/
(E?)(L?) http://www.uni-erfurt.de/sprachwissenschaft/personal/lehmann/d_lehmann.html
consonant cluster | phoneme cluster
(E3)(L1) http://www.webopedia.com/totd.asp
cluster | lost cluster

(E?)(L?) http://wetter.rtl.de/
CLUSTER

(E?)(L1) http://www.wetteronline.de/lexikon/
Cloudcluster

(E6)(L1) http://mathworld.wolfram.com/letters/B.html
b-Cluster

(E6)(L1) http://mathworld.wolfram.com/letters/C.html
Cluster | Cluster Analysis | Cluster Perimeter | Cluster Prime

(E6)(L1) http://mathworld.wolfram.com/letters/F.html
FindClusters

(E6)(L1) http://mathworld.wolfram.com/K-MeansClusteringAlgorithm.html
K-Means Clustering Algorithm

(E6)(L1) http://mathworld.wolfram.com/letters/M.html
Mean Cluster Density | Mean Cluster Count Per Si...

(E6)(L1) http://mathworld.wolfram.com/letters/N.html
N-Cluster

(E6)(L1) http://mathworld.wolfram.com/letters/P.html
Prime Cluster

(E6)(L1) http://mathworld.wolfram.com/letters/S.html
s-Cluster

(E6)(L1) http://mathworld.wolfram.com/letters/T.html
Twin Prime Cluster

(E1)(L?) http://www.wordspy.com/
Beowulf cluster - disease cluster - fast-food cluster

COBOL
Totgesagt leben länger (W2)

(E?)(L?) http://webopedia.com/TERM/C/COBOL.html
Nach "FORTRAN" ist "COBOL" die zweitälteste "höhere Programmiersprache". Sie wurde in den 1950er/1960er jahren entwickelt und wird schon seit vielen Jahren als untergehend eingestuft. Dennoch ist sie immer noch die am häufigsten benutze Programmiersprache der Welt.
Sie wir hauptsächlich auf Grossrechnersystemen für Geschäfts-Anwendungen eingesetzt. Dies war auch die Absicht der Entwickler, die sie "COmmon Business Oriented Language" nannten, abgekürzt "COBOL".

Computermaus (W3)

Die "Computermaus" wurde am 10.12.1968 geboren.

(E?)(L?) http://www.computerwoche.de/knowledge_center/notebook_pc/1881191/

Was wären wir ohne Douglas C. Engelbart?
Die Computermaus feiert 40. Geburtstag
08.12.2008 um 11:20 Uhr
Kaum ein Computer-Benutzer könnte heute noch ohne sie auskommen. Eher würden manche wohl auf die Tastatur verzichten, um einen PC zu bedienen.

Die erste Computermaus aus dem Jahr 1968Vor genau 40 Jahren erblickte die erste Computermaus das Licht der Öffentlichkeit - lange bevor die ersten Personal Computer auf den Markt kamen. Am 9. Dezember 1968 demonstrierte der Computerpionier Douglas C. Engelbart erstmals seine Erfindung auf einer Konferenz in San Francisco. Außerhalb des anwesenden Fachpublikums stieß sie jedoch vorerst auf nur wenig Begeisterung. Und es sollte noch viele Jahre dauern, bis die Maus ihren weltweiten Siegeszug antreten konnte.
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cursory, cursor (W2)

(E?)(L?) http://www.owad.de/
= "something short", "brief" = "flüchtig", "rasch", "oberflächlich"
From lat. "cursorius" = "pertaining to running" from lat. "cursor" = "runner" from "currerre" = "to run". This root is found in many words borrowed from Latin, including "current", "corridor", "courier", "course", "corral" and Afrikaans "kraal" = "corral", "rural village". English "car" comes from Latin "carrus" = "wagon" of the same root, which also underlies "career", "charge", and "chariot", not to mention "carpenter" from lat. "carpentum" "a two-wheeled carriage".

D

Deadlock (W3)

Siehe auch unter "Maus friert ein".

Engl. "Deadlock" (wörtlich dt. "totes Schloß") kann übersetzt werden als dt. "ausweglose Situation in Verhandlungen", "Patt", "Pattsituation", "Sackgasse", "toter Punkt", "Verklemmung", "völliger Stillstand", und als Verb dt. "an einem toten Punkt anlangen", "blockieren", "in eine Sackgasse geraten", "sich festfahren", "steckenbleiben", "zum völligen Stillstand bringen".

Der erste Nachweis für "Deadlock" ("dead lock") findet sich im Jahr 1779 in dem Schauspiel "The Critic" von Richard Brinsley Sheridan (1751 - 1816) (der selbe Sheridan, der der englischen Sprache auch "Malapropism" hinzugefügt hat).

(E?)(L?) http://www.enotes.com/critic
(E?)(L?) http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/7108

Scarborough and the Critic von Richard Brinsley Sheridan


(E?)(L?) http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/7108/pg7108.html

...
ACT III.
...
You see the ladies can't stab Whiskerandos — he durst not strike them, for fear of their uncles — the uncles durst not kill him, because of their nieces. — I have them all at a "dead lock"! — for every one of them is afraid to let go first. Sneer. Why, then they must stand there for ever! Puff. So they would, if I hadn't a very fine contrivance for't.
...


(E?)(L?) http://www.vocabulary.com/definition/deadlock
(E?)(L?) http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Brinsley_Sheridan
Im Strassenverkehr kann ein "Deadlock" entstehen, wenn sich zwei lange Autoschlangen gegenüberstehen, die beide jeweils nach links abbiegen möchten. Das Abbiegen nach links wird jedoch jeweils durch die andere Schlange blockiert. 

                      |   |
                      |   |
                      |   |
______________________     ____________________________________
               aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
              a          b
bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb
_____________   ______________________________________________
            |   |
            |   |
            |   |
            |   |


Ein "Deadlock" in der Datenverarbeitung kann entstehen, wenn ein Prozess die Ressource A benutzt und zusätzlich auf die Ressource B wartet, während ein anderer Prozess die Ressource B benutzt und zusätzlich auf die Ressource A wartet. Jeder der zwei Prozesse blockiert genau die Ressource auf die der andere Prozess zugreifen möchte. Und jeder Prozess gibt "seine" Ressource erst frei, wenn er seine Aufgabe abgearbeitet hat. Und so warten beide Prozesse bis zum Ausschalten der DV-Anlage.

In den Anfängen der Datenverarbeitung traten solche Situationen öfters auf. Heutige ausgereifte Betriebssyteme sollten jedoch Vorsorge treffen, dass es nicht zu einer solchen Situation kommen kann.

Diese Situation scheint sich auch in "Books Ngram Viewer" widerzuspiegeln. Um das Jahr 1985 erreichte das Auftreten des Begriffs "Deadlock" einen Höhepunkt.

Und obwohl man es also nicht meinen sollte, treten Deadlock-Situationen auch heute noch in weltweit eingesetzten Betriebssystemen auf.

Nachdem ich mir einen neuen PC mit WINDOWS 7 64bit-Version gekauft hatte, hatte ich das Problem, dass alle paar Tage Maus und Tastatur einfroren und nur noch das Aus- und Einschalten des PCs ein Weiterarbeiten ermöglichte. Leider mit der unschönen Begleiterscheinung, dass nicht gespeicherte Daten verschwunden waren.

Ich verbrachte Tage, Wochen und Monate um bei Medion und Microsoft nach der Fehlerursache zu suchen - leider jedoch ohne wirklich brauchbare Hilfe.

Ich habe die Protokollierung meiner Suche inzwischen gelöscht um die Leser nicht zu ermüden. Aber es waren Monate, in denen ich mich immer wieder geärgert habe. Und es war nicht einmal nachzuvollziehen, wem ich diesen Ärger zu verdanken habe. Der Hardware-Lieferant verwies auf die Software und umgekehrt.

Die Hersteller scheinen es nicht als notwendig anzusehen, ihre Kunden über Probleme zu informieren. - Allein die Information und die Mitteilung, dass an einer Lösung gearbeitet wird, würde einen Großteil des aufgestauten Ärgers reduzieren.

Den ersten brauchbaren (und auch erklärenden) Hinweis fand ich dann in dem Newsletter "Windows 7 Secrets" vom 15.08.2011 von "www.computerwissen.de", Manfred Kratzl:


Microsoft-Update gegen Abstürze bei hoher Speicherauslastung

Unter Windows 7 kann es bei Anwendungen mit hoher Speicherauslastung zu plötzlichen Abstürzen kommen. Das System friert dann an, Maus und Tastatur zeigen keine Reaktion, und Sie können den PC nur durch Aus- und Einschalten wieder reaktivieren.

Nach Angaben von Microsoft tritt das Problem normalerweise dann auf, wenn der Speicher-Manager sehr viele Aktionen beim Schreiben und Löschen im Arbeitsspeicher durchführen muss. Ursache des Problems ist eine sogenannte "Deadlock Situation" in der Datei "fltmgr.sys", dem Filesystem Filter Manager von Windows 7.

Mit dem Hotfix KB2575077 können Sie das Problem lösen. Es wird später Teil des Windows 7 Service Pack 2 sein. Das Update wird in zwei Versionen ausgeliefert: "Windows6.1-KB2575077-x64.msu" für Windows 7 64 Bit und "Windows6.1-KB2575077-x86.msu" für Windows 7 in der 32 Bit-Version.


(E?)(L?) http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/go01.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.computerwissen.de/
(E?)(L?) http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=deadlock


(E?)(L?) http://www-306.ibm.com/software/globalization/terminology/index.jsp
deadlock | transaction deadlock

(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/t/TheJargonLexicon.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.jargonf.org/
(E?)(L?) http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2575077
In dem maschinell übersetzten Artikel von Microsoft findet man weitere Hinweise. Demnach scheint es jedoch ratsam zu sein, auf den nächsten offiziellen Softwareupdate zu warten, da der Hotfix noch im Teststadium ist.


Artikel-ID: 2575077 - Geändert am: Mittwoch, 10. August 2011 - Version: 1.0
Computer reagiert nach dem Zufallsprinzip aufgrund von Deadlock-Situation in Windows Server 2008 R2 oder Windows 7
Hotfix-Download ist verfügbar
Hotfix-Downloads anzeigen und anfordern
...


(E?)(L?) http://www.oedilf.com/db/Lim.php?Word=deadlock
(E?)(L?) http://www.oedilf.com/db/Lim.php?Word=deadlocked
Limericks on deadlock | deadlocked

(E?)(L?) http://www.owad.de/owad-archive-quiz.php4?id=2687
(E?)(L?) http://www.pcwelt.de/news/Windows-Hotfix-Hohe-Speicherauslastung-fuehrt-zu-Abstuerzen-bei-Windows-7-und-Windows-Server-2008-3337484.html
Die "PC Welt" berichtete bereits am 12.08.2011 im Newsletter darüber, dass ein "Hotfix Absturz-Problem bei Windows 7 beseitigt".


...
Microsoft bestätigt Speicher-Hänger unter Windows 7 und Windows Server 2008 R2. Ursache des Problems ist eine sogenannte Deadlock-Situation. Diese wird verursacht, wenn der Arbeitsspeicher stark ausgelastet wird. Die Redmonder haben für den Fehler einen Hotfix zum Download bereit gestellt.
...


(E2)(L1) http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/deadlock
(E?)(L?) http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc-index2.html
0202 Possible Deadlock in ICP S.M. Wolfe, J. Postel [ July 1971 ] ( TXT = 2796 bytes) (Status: UNKNOWN)

(E?)(L?) http://help.sap.com/saphelp_glossary/de/index.htm
(E?)(L?) http://www.sex-lexis.com/Sex-Dictionary/holy%20deadlock
holy deadlock

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpD,00.html
(E?)(L1) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/deadlock.html


(E1)(L1) http://ngrams.googlelabs.com/graph?corpus=0&content=Deadlock
Abfrage im Google-Corpus mit 15Mio. eingescannter Bücher von 1500 bis heute.

Engl. "Deadlock" taucht in der Literatur um das Jahr 1850 auf.

Erstellt: 2011-08

defenestration (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/D/defenestration.html
Das engl. "defenestration" = "aus dem Fenster werfen" geht zurück auf lat. "fenestra" = "window" = "Fenster".

In Anspielung auf das Microsoft-Betriebssystem "WINDOWS" bezeichnet in "Hackerkreisen" "defenestration" das ersetzen von WINDOWS durch ein anderes Betriebssytem.

Allgemein kann es aber auch bedeuten, dass man den aktuellen Bildschirminhalt des PC's durch einen anderen Inhalt ersetzt.

DHCP (W3)

"DHCP" steht für "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol".

(E3)(L1) http://www.besoindaide.com/ccm/internet/dhcp.htm
(E?)(L?) http://www.glossar.de/glossar/
(E?)(L?) http://www-306.ibm.com/software/globalization/terminology/index.jsp
(E?)(L1) http://www.iwebtool.com/what_is_dhcp.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.javvin.com/protocolDHCP.html
(E?)(L?) http://jargonf.org/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:D
DHCP | DHCPv6

(E?)(L?) http://www.netlingo.com/inframes.cfm
(E6)(L?) http://www.panasonic.de/presse/default.aspx
(E6)(L?) http://www.tasklist.org/task_DHCP_1084.html
(E?)(L?) http://searchunifiedcommunications.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid186_gci213894,00.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.geoinformatik.uni-rostock.de/einzel.asp?ID=-991493919
(E?)(L?) http://www.www-kurs.de/gloss_d.htm#DHCP


dingbats

(E?)(L?) http://www.dingbats.com/


DLL - Dynamic Link Library (W3)

"DLL" steht für "Dynamic Link Library".

(E?)(L?) http://webopedia.com/TERM/D/DLL.html
Ein Begriff aus der "Windows-Welt": a library of executable functions or data that can be used by a Windows application.
Die entsprechenden Files haben die Dateinamenerweiterungen .dll, .exe., drv, oder .fon.

DNS - Domain Name Server

(E?)(L?) http://computer.howstuffworks.com/dns.htm
DNS heisst im Internet nicht Desoxyribonukleinsäure sondern "Domain Name Server".
Die Domain Name Server haben im Internet die Aufgabe, eine für den Menschen einprägsame Internetadresse in eine Maschineninterpretierbare Adresse der Form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx umzusetzen.

DOS, QDOS (W3)

Das Betriebssystem "DOS" = "Disk Operating System" basiert auf "QDOS" = "quick and dirty operating system".

(E?)(L?) http://www.tecchannel.de/server/hardware/466465/index8.html

...
Als IBM 1980 mit dem IBM-PC ziemlich verspätet in das Homecomputer-Geschäft einstieg, brauchten die Verantwortlichen möglichst rasch ein Betriebssystem - und wandten sich an Bill Gates' Firma. Mit einem eigenen System konnte Gates damals zwar nicht dienen, er wollte sich das Geschäft aber auch nicht entgehen lassen.

Kurz entschlossen schloss Microsoft einen Vertrag über 186.000 Dollar mit IBM ab und kaufte zwei Tage später für 50.000 Dollar von der Firma Seattle Computer die CP/M-Variante "QDOS" - ein Akronym für "quick and dirty operating system". In leicht modifizierter Form wurde das System dann unter der Bezeichnung MS-DOS an IBM ausgeliefert.


E

Easter Egg (W3)

Als engl. "Easter Egg" werden verborgene Funktionen in Programmen genannt, mit denen sich die Entwickler ein „Denkmal“ gesetzt haben. Alte Bekannte sind der "Flugsimulator" in Microsoft Excel oder "Space Invadors" in Word. Aber auch in zahlreichen aktuellen Programmversionen lassen sich "Easter Eggs" finden. Oft sind sie im Umfeld der Versions- und Copyright-Angaben verborgen, und meist muss man Insider-Kenntnisse haben, um sie zu finden - wie die „about:robots“-Seite in Firefox.

A secret message or screen buried in an application. Typically, easter eggs are used to display the credits for the development team or to display a humorous message. To see an easter egg, you need to know a special procedure or sequence of keystrokes.

Die Bezeichnung ist natürlich auf das Suchen der Ostereier zurück zu führen.

(E6)(L1) http://www.anthus.com/Colors/Colors_E.html
"Easter Egg Yellow" als Farbe: - #ffd35f - Easter Egg Yellow


(E1)(L1) http://www.bartleby.com/81/5588.html
(E3)(L1) http://www.besoindaide.com/ccm/glossaire/index.htm
(E?)(L?) http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/go01.html
Easter egg | Easter egging

(E?)(L?) http://www.dicofr.com/cgi-bin/n.pl/dicofr/firstchar/e
(E?)(L?) http://www.eeggs.com/

The Easter Egg Archive


(E?)(L?) http://www.hagalil.com/lexikon/index.php?title=Easter_Egg
(E?)(L?) http://www.howstuffworks.com/big.htm
How to Decorate Easter Eggs

(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/t/TheJargonLexicon.html
Easter egg | Easter egging

(E?)(L?) http://www.mogelpower.de/easter/
Die meistgefragten Easter Eggs | Die besten Easter Eggs

(E?)(L?) http://www.netlingo.com/inframes.cfm
(E?)(L?) http://dictionary.reference.com/
(E?)(L?) http://www.secorvo.de/security-news/secorvo-ssn0904.pdf

Inhalt


(E?)(L1) http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Easter+egg
(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/e/easter_egg.html
(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpE,00.html


EJB (W3)

"EJB" steht für "Enterprise JavaBeans". Dabei handelt es sich um standardisierte Komponenten innerhalb eines Java-EE-Servers ("Java Enterprise Edition"). Sie vereinfachen die Entwicklung komplexer mehrschichtiger verteilter Softwaresysteme mittels Java. Mit Enterprise JavaBeans können wichtige Konzepte für Unternehmensanwendungen, z. B. Transaktions-, Namens- oder Sicherheitsdienste, umgesetzt werden, die für die Geschäftslogik einer Anwendung nötig sind.

Erstellt: 2010-08

Eliza

(E?)(L?) http://www.uwec.edu/jerzdg/orr/articles/IF/canon/Eliza.htm
(E?)(L?) http://i5.nyu.edu/~mm64/x52.9265/january1966.html
ist ein Computerprogramm zur Untersuchung der "natürlichen Kommunikation zwischen Mensch und Maschine".
Entwickelt wurde "Eliza" von Joseph Wiezenbaum
Eliza (Weizenbaum 1966) is the first chatterbot -- a computer program that mimics human conversation. In only about 200 lines of computer code, Eliza models the behavior of a psychiatrist (or, more specifically, the "active listening" strategies of a touchy-feely 1960s Rogerian therapist).

encyberpedia

(E?)(L?) http://www.encyberpedia.com/


ENIAC (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.at-mix.de/eniac.htm
(E?)(L?) http://www.geschichte-des-computers.de/eniac.php
(E?)(L?) http://www.heise.de/tp/r4/artikel/2/2235/4.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.seas.upenn.edu/~museum/
(E?)(L?) http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/ENIAC
Die Abkürzung "ENIAC" steht für "Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer".
Manchmal findet man auch (fälschlicherweise) "Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator".

(E?)(L?) http://www.heise.de/ct/06/05/links/020.shtml
ENIAC Emulatoren

F

faqs
What is Usenet?

(E?)(L?) http://www.faqs.org/faqs/usenet/what-is/part1/


foldoc
Free Online-Dictionary of Computing

(E?)(L1) http://www.foldoc.org/

Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (started in 1985) is a searchable dictionary of acronyms, jargon, programming languages, tools, architecture, operating systems, networking, theory, conventions, standards, mathematics, telecoms, electronics, institutions, companies, projects, products, history, in fact anything to do with computing.
This dictionary is Copyright Denis Howe 1993 - 1999.


mit über 100.000 Einträgen rund um die Computerei.
Suche nach einzelnen Wörtern und nach Phrasen;

(E?)(L1) http://www.hyperdictionary.com/computer
The Computer Dictionary is based on the FOLDOC dictionary by Denis Howe. It consists of almost 14 thousand computer-related terms. To use the dictionary, you may search using the search box or you may browse the word listings by letter of the alphabet.

FOO, BAR, FOOBAR
Was sind FOO und BAR? (W3)

Ist das seit 1930 nachweisbare "FOOBAR" nun einfach nur ein Platzhalter beim Programmieren? Oder heisst es eigentlich "FUBAR" = "Fucked Up Beyond All Repair" = "irreparabel"? Oder ist es ein auf dt. "furchtbar" zurückgehender Germanismus.

(E?)(L?) http://www.pcwelt.de/know-how/tipps_tricks/software/107409/
(E?)(L?) http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3092.html
(E?)(L?) http://forum.leo.org/archiv/f.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.smokey-stover.com/
(E?)(L?) http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasyntaktische_Variable


G

GammaTray.exe (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.processlibrary.com/directory/files/gammatray/
Leider konnte ich nicht herausfinden, wieso der 3. Buchstabe des griechischen Alphabets hier verwendet wird.

Geek, geeky, geekiness (W3)

Das umgangssprachliche engl. "Geek" (1500) = "Computerspezialist", "Narr", "Dummkopf" ist mit dt. "Geck" und ndl. "gek" = "verrückt" verwandt. Entstanden sein soll es als lautmalerische Wort für "unverständlich Gesprochenes".

Abgeleitet vom Subst. "Geek" findet man das Adj. "geeky", also dt. "geckisch".
Auch "geekiness", dt. "Geckigkeit", findet man als abgeleitete Variante.

(E1)(L1) http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=geek
(E?)(L?) http://www.innergeek.us/deutsch
Wer 65 Prozent der Punkte erzielt kann sich zu den Geeks zählen, über 65 Prozent wird es kritisch.

Erstellt: 2010-02

(E?)(L?) http://www.innergeek.us/definition.html

What is a geek? (a subjective work in progress)
n. Slang ...


(E1)(L1) http://www.owad.de/owad-archive-quiz.php4?id=1871
(E1)(L1) http://www.takeourword.com/Issue051.html
(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpG,00.html
geek | geek speak | geekosphere | geekspeak

(E?)(L?) http://searchcio-midmarket.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid183_gci212179,00.html
(E?)(L?) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geek

...
A person who is interested in technology, especially computing and new media. Geeks are adept with computers, and use the term hacker in a positive way, though not all are hackers themselves.
...
(E?)(L?) http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Geek

Etymology
From British dialect "geck" ("fool"); compare Dutch "gek" ("crazy") or "gekkie" ("crazy person").
...


(E1)(L1) http://www.word-detective.com/back-g.html#geek
(E1)(L1) http://www.wordorigins.org/index.php/site/geek/


geocities
BABEL
A Glossary of Computer Related Abbreviations and Acronyms

(E?)(L?) http://www.geocities.com/ikind_babel/babel/babel.html
This glossary was compiled because the author became frustrated while reading magazine articles, help wanted ads and equipment for sale brochures - all pertaining to computers - where the listed Abbreviations and Acronyms were used and their meanings were either not known or were not immediately available.

(E?)(L?) http://www.geocities.com/ikind_babel/babel/babelsr.html

A Glossary of Computer Oriented Abbreviations and Acronyms
SENIOR FOLDER....Version 07B


GIGO (W3)

"GIGO" ist die Abkürzung für "Garabge in, garbage out".


"Garabge in, garbage out", often abbreviated as "GIGO", this is a famous computer axiom meaning that if invalid data is entered into a system, the resulting output will also be invalid. Although originally applied to computer software, the axiom holds true for all systems, including, for example, decision-making systems.


(E?)(L1) http://www.iwebtool.com/computer_glossary/
(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpG,00.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/g/garbage_in_garbage_out.html


Gimp (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.gimp.org/
Der Name der Bildbearbeitungssoftware "Gimp" ist die Abkürzung für "GNU Image Manipulating Program".

(E?)(L) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpG,00.html


gopher (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/totd.asp
A system that pre-dates the World Wide Web for organizing and displaying files on Internet servers. A Gopher server presents its contents as a hierarchically structured list of files. With the ascendance of the Web, many gopher databases were converted to Web sites which can be more easily accessed via Web search engines.
"Gopher" was developed at the University of Minnesota and named after the school's mascot. Two systems, Veronica and Jughead, let you search global indices of resources stored in Gopher systems.

H

Hacker, Cracker (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.ccc.de/hackerethics
(E?)(L?) http://koeln.ccc.de/artikel/buecher/levy-hackers.html
Eine Buchbesprechung von Steven Levys Buch Hackers und gleichzeitig eine kleine Etymologie des Wortes "Hacker".

Das Hackertum nahm seinen Ausgang am MIT. Dort gab es den "Tech Model Railroad Club (TMRC)". Dieser Club betrieb eine gigantische Eisenbahnanlage. Innerhalb des Clubs gab es eine "S&P (Signaling and Power)" Abteilung, denen der ganze Eisenbahnkram wohl eher unwichtig war und die sich stattdessen mit dem Bau unglaublich komplexer Steuersystame für die riesige Eisenbahnanlage befaßten. Hier entstand der Begriff "Hack" für einen technischen Kniff und eine ganze Reihe anderer Begriffe, die die Basis des Hackerslangs wurden. ...

(E?)(L?) http://www.hackerwatch.org/
Datensammlung über Hacker-Angriffe.

(E6)(L?) http://www.phrack.org/
Hacker magazine

(E?)(L?) http://www.u32.de/hacker.html

In der Presse und der Öffentlichkeit werden Kriminelle, die per Rechner und Netzen andere schädigen, oftmals als "Hacker" bezeichnet. Das ist aber eine völlig falsche Bezeichnung. Die korrekte Bezeichnung für solche Verbrecher ist "Cracker".
...


Ham (W3)

Das englische Wort für "Schinken" verspricht, gegenüber dem zerkleinerten und gekochten Dosenfleisch Spam, der "wahre Jakob" zu sein und dient daher gelegentlich im Hacker- oder Computer-Jargon als Begriff für erwünschte E-Mails.

Hardware (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/H/hardware.html


Harley Hahn's guide to MUDs

(E?)(L?) http://www.harley.com/muds/


Hotkey (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.autohotkey.com/
(E?)(L?) http://www.autohotkey.com/docs/Hotkeys.htm
(E?)(L?) http://www.autohotkey.com/docs/KeyList.htm

"Hotkeys" are sometimes referred to as "shortcut keys" because of their ability to easily trigger an action (such as launching a program or keyboard macro).


Die "Hotkey" wird selten auch "Schnelltaste" genannt und bietet eine "schnelle", "heisse" Möglichkeit eine Funktion aufzurufen. Das Kopieren und Einfügen von Text kann z.B. statt dem etwas umständlichen Aufruf über das Menu durch die Tastenkombinationen "Strg" + "C" bzw. "Strg" + "V" durchgeführt werden.

HTML - Hypertext Markup Language (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.willcam.com/cmat/html/crossref.html
(E?)(L1) http://webopedia.internet.com/TERM/H/HTML.html
(E?)(L1) http://www.htmlgoodies.com/
Diese Sprache wird zur Erstellung von Webseiten (z.B. auch dieser Seite) in grossem Umfang weltweit verwendet.
Das Angebot "htmlgoodies" schliesst auch einen Newsletter ein, der über HTML informiert, Fragen von Benutzern beantwortet und dabei oft Codeschnipsel für bestimmte Funktionen bereitstellt, ergänzt durch News aus der Branche (englisch).

I

ibm
IBM’s 100 Icons of Progress

Die Firmengeschichte der IBM spiegelt auch die allgemeine Entwicklung der Datenverarbeitung wider.

(E?)(L?) http://www.ibm.com/ibm100/us/en/icons/

In the span of a century, IBM has evolved from a small business that made scales, time clocks and tabulating machines to a globally integrated enterprise with 400,000 employees and a strong vision for the future. The stories that have emerged throughout our history are complex tales of big risks, lessons learned and discoveries that have transformed the way we work and live. These 100 iconic moments - these Icons of Progress - demonstrate our faith in science, our pursuit of knowledge and our belief that together we can make the world work better.

Featured: September 20, 2011 A Business and Its Beliefs A Business and Its Beliefs
Corporate cultures usually flow from the CEO downward, but from the start C-T-R, and later IBM, took a different path. It intentionally built a culture that flows up from its people, centered on a set of shared beliefs about the company’s place in the world and how to act in achieving that. This has been the key to IBM’s vitality for over a century. In 2003, IBM CEO Sam Palmisano again turned to IBMers to help form the company’s values via a “ValuesJam,” an online, three-day event. The results were strikingly familiar—in keeping with those set by Thomas Watson Sr. in 1914.

Featured: September 16, 2011 Sustainable Cocoa Sustainable Cocoa
Recently, IBM completed the initial genomic sequence of cocoa—in conjunction with chocolate maker Mars, Incorporated, and the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS)—in hopes of developing new strains of heartier, higher-yielding and blight-resistant cocoa, not to mention better-tasting chocolate. The project marks a significant scientific milestone that is already starting to benefit farmers, particularly in West Africa where about 70 percent of the world’s cocoa crop is produced. It’s one example of how IBM is leveraging emerging technologies to allow more directed breeding of sustainable food resources.

Featured: September 14, 2011 Preserving the Legacy of Film Preserving the Legacy of Film
Due to disintegrating film stock, the world’s film history is evaporating. IBM is working to save cinematic history through a collaboration with University of California Los Angeles and The Film Foundation, digitizing historical film content and building an electronic archive. IBM is also partly responsible for the digital video in use on the Internet today, having worked in the early 1990s to develop encoding and decoding standards that made digital video possible.

Featured: September 13, 2011 Deep Blue Deep Blue
In the mid 1980s, two PhD students at Carnegie Mellon University, Murray Campbell and Feng-hsiung Hsu, set out to build a chess machine that could beat the best human player. IBM Research hired the two scientists and gave them the resources to build Deep Blue, a dedicated chess-playing supercomputer. In 1997, in a historic match, Deep Blue became the first computer to defeat a reigning world chess champion. “In brisk and brutal fashion,” The New York Times reported, “the I.B.M. computer Deep Blue unseated humanity, at least temporarily, as the finest chess playing entity on the planet.” After a noted absence, Deep Blue led the way for IBM’s return to the supercomputing business.

Featured: September 09, 2011 The Cell Broadband Engine The Cell Broadband Engine
Gaming is serious business. In 2000, Sony Group and Toshiba Corporation issued a challenge to provide power-efficient and cost-effective high-performance processing for a wide range of applications, including the most demanding consumer appliance: game systems. The result came five years later with the release of the Cell Broadband Engine multi-core technology, developed jointly by IBM, Sony Group and Toshiba Corporation. Today, besides the Sony PlayStation 3 computer entertainment system, the Cell Broadband Engine can be found in several Toshiba REGZA televisions, video production equipment from Sony, the IBM BladeCenter QS20, QS21 and QS22 servers, as well as IBM Roadrunner, one of the world’s most power-efficient supercomputers.

Featured: September 08, 2011 Exploring Undersea Frontiers Exploring Undersea Frontiers
In 1965, an IBM communications system was one of the only links connecting oceanauts in the world’s first ocean floor colony to a support team on the surface. The project, led by famous French sea explorer Jacques Cousteau, was a highlight of IBM’s involvement in undersea research, which included projects in underwater crime scene investigation and the microscopic analysis of compounds from 35,000 feet under the ocean surface.

Featured: September 07, 2011 The Preservation of Culture Through Technology
Through its computer technologies—starting with punched card data processing in the late 1940s through the creation of virtual worlds of today—IBM has helped bridge time and distance by preserving, recording and even re-creating ancient languages and cultures. IBM has undertaken cultural preservation projects with institutions in Russia, Spain, Indonesia, the United States, Italy, China and Egypt.

Featured: September 02, 2011 Racetrack Memory Racetrack Memory
The Future of Data Storage
IBM researcher Stuart Parkin pioneered the development of racetrack memory, starting in about 2004. Parkin conceived of a device consisting of a city of skyscrapers—each one only hundreds of atoms wide—of magnetic material, with each floor of each skyscraper containing a single bit of data. The technique utilizes the spin of electrons to manipulate these bits, in effect shooting them around a racetrack, up and down the column. Though it may take a few years before it can be commercialized, once completed, it could allow for the kind of mass storage that now requires a disk drive to fit on a thumbnail-size chip that barely uses any energy. A handheld device could hold a few thousand movies, run for weeks at a time on a single battery and be practically unbreakable.

Featured: August 30, 2011 Popularizing Math and Science Popularizing Math and Science
In the mid-twentieth century, IBM worked with Charles and Ray Eames to make films and design exhibitions that brought widespread popular appeal to math and science concepts. These included Mathematica, the interactive museum exhibit, and the film “Powers of Ten”, both of which remain culturally and historically significant today. IBM continues to promote math and science through programs such as TryScience, a website offering fun-oriented science content, and Transition to Teaching, which supports employees in encore careers as math and science teachers.

Featured: August 26, 2011 Pioneering Speech Recognition Pioneering Speech Recognition
At the Seattle World’s Fair in 1962, IBM showcased the world’s most advanced speech recognition system, the “Shoebox.” It could understand 16 words, including the numbers zero through nine as well as minus, plus, subtotal, total, false and off. Visitors to the IBM pavilion could speak to the Shoebox via microphone, often looking on in amazement as it printed answers to simple arithmetic. After the Shoebox breakthrough, the development of speech recognition accelerated, aided by the exponential growth in computing power. The technology significantly increased computing access for people with vision, mobility and other impairments. Today, speech recognition is pervasive, and features a broad vocabulary and astonishing accuracy.

Featured: August 23, 2011 The Application of Spintronics The Application of Spintronics
IBM has been leading the research and application into an emerging technology called spintronics—short for “spin electronics”—which was coined in 1996 to describe devices that take advantage of “spin,” a quantum-mechanical property of an electron. The physics of spintronics allow for significantly increased data capacity and may enable the leap to quantum computing.

Featured: August 19, 2011 Nanotechnology Nanotechnology
Our everyday computing devices depend on breakthroughs in chip technology. As chips get smaller, they must also get smarter. IBM’s research in nanotechnology has led to innovations in not only chip technology, but healthcare as well, including sequencing the DNA strand at the nano level and developing a nanostructure that can fight the Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection.

Featured: August 16, 2011 The Professional Sales Force The Professional Sales Force
Thomas Watson Sr. believed a sales force could be a competitive advantage. Soon after taking charge of C-T-R in 1914, he established a dress code, no-drinking policy and the Hundred Percent Club to encourage employees to achieve 100 percent of their sales target. By the 1920s, he’d established a unique sales school in Endicott. Hiring only the best college graduates, IBM would put them through six weeks of intensive training. The IBM sales force became known worldwide for a new standard of professional service, and for cultivating client relationships founded on trust.

Featured: August 12, 2011 The Invention of Stream Computing The Invention of Stream Computing
In 2009, IBM announced the availability of its stream computing software, a breakthrough in real-time data analytics. Stream computing gathers multiple streams of data “on the fly,” using advanced algorithms to deliver nearly instantaneous analysis to decision makers. Flipping the traditional data analytics strategy in which data is collected in a database to be searched or queried for answers, stream computing can be used for complex, dynamic situations that require immediate decisions, such as predicting the spread of an epidemic or monitoring changes in the condition of premature babies.

Featured: August 09, 2011 Pioneering Genetic Privacy Pioneering Genetic Privacy
In October 2005, IBM became the first major corporation in the world to establish a genetics privacy policy that prohibits current or future employees’ genetic information from being used in employment decisions. “What I.B.M. is doing is significant because you have a big, leadership company that is saying to its workers, ‘We aren’t going to use genetic testing against you,’” said Arthur Caplan, director of the Center for Bioethics at the University of Pennsylvania medical school in an interview with The New York Times.

Featured: August 02, 2011 The Mobilization of Relief Efforts The Mobilization of Relief Efforts
The tragic series of devastating tsunamis in December of 2004 killed more than 230,000 people and left 1.5 million people homeless. Within hours, country by country, IBM was assembling resources for relief, including a customized database to help track victims and goods; a wireless system running a disaster management network—in addition to material goods, counseling and training. It is just one example of how IBM assists in crisis management, reconstruction and aid distribution, applying its expertise and resources to ease suffering and rebuild lives.

Featured: July 29, 2011 Relational Database Relational Database
Until the mid-1970s, computers sorted information using rigid, one-off database programs. IBM researcher E. F. “Ted” Codd wanted to improve the way data was sorted and handled. He sought to create a generalized description of how to store, update and extract data with accuracy, and query responses so any changes to data produced consistent results. In 1970, Codd completed his definition of the relational database which became the foundation for IBM DB2 products.

Featured: July 22, 2011 Copper Interconnects Copper Interconnects
The Evolution of Microprocessors
In 1997, IBM researchers surged ahead of a crowded field when they announced that manufacturing chips with copper interconnects would make microprocessors faster, smaller and less expensive than using aluminum. Copper wires conducted electricity with about 40 percent less resistance than aluminum, which resulted in an additional 15 percent burst in microprocessor speed. It was another breakthrough that created a new inflection point in the industry and positioned IBM as the global leader.

Featured: July 20, 2011 RISC Architecture RISC Architecture
The first prototype computer employing RISC (reduced instruction set computer) architecture was developed at IBM in 1980. By allowing commands to access previously unused memory space, RISC enabled computers to work approximately twice as fast as other machines on the same number of circuits. RISC was an important innovation in system design because it eliminated wasted space in the information pipeline, and was widely viewed as the dominant computing architecture of the future. Its creator, John Cocke, received for his efforts the US National Medal of Science (1994) and the US National Medal of Technology (1991).

Featured: July 19, 2011 Innovating the Self-Service Kiosk Innovating the Self-Service Kiosk
IBM built upon magnetic stripe technology to continually expand its applications for self-service transactions, reaching a breakthrough in the IBM 2984, one of the earliest automated teller machines (ATMs). The self-service kiosk was activated by a magnetic-strip credit card and could be installed in the wall of a bank to dispense money day or night. Today, IBM is an industry leader in self-service kiosk innovation, enabling transactions in postal-service kiosks, airport check-in terminals, hotels, fitness centers, stores and other locations, as well as in banks.
Featured: July 15, 2011 The Invention of the Rewritable Magneto-Optical Disk The Invention of the Rewritable Magneto-Optical Disk In the early 1970s, IBM scientists were investigating metallic films that displayed unique magnetic characteristics. Watson Research Center scientists Praveen Chaudhari, Jerome J. Cuomo and Richard J. Gambino were examining the magnetic structure and electronic properties of these films when they discovered the special magnetic materials that made rewritable-optical-disk data storage possible. For their work, they received the 1995 US National Medal of Technology—the nation’s highest award for technical innovation.

Featured: July 13, 2011 Information-Based Medicine Information-Based Medicine
In 2006, IBM helped create EuResist, a project that would help doctors prescribe more effective, tailored drug “cocktails” to HIV patients, using a database of more than 33,000 previous treatment cases. Through healthcare innovations such as EuResist, the World Community Grid and the Watson computer, IBM is leading the world in using data analysis and information technology to build smarter systems to more effectively fight illnesses such as AIDS, HIV and cancer.

Featured: July 12, 2011 The Punched Card Tabulator The Punched Card Tabulator
In the late 1880s, Herman Hollerith, a young technical whiz at the US Census Bureau, had an idea for a machine that could count and sort census results far faster than human clerks. The bureau funded Hollerith’s work, and the first tabulating machines helped count the 1890 census, saving the bureau several years’ work and more than US$5 million. Hollerith left the bureau to form the Tabulating Machine Company, selling his system to other countries’ census offices and then to businesses such as railroads and retailers. Hollerith had little competition, and his machines and punched cards became the standard for the industry. In 1911, financier Charles Flint bought the Tabulating Machine Company and merged it with the International Time Recording Company and the Computing Scale Company of America to form the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company, or C-T-R, later renamed IBM.

Featured: July 08, 2011 Medicine On Demand Medicine On Demand
Malaria kills about 800,000 people each year, the vast majority of whom live in Sub-Saharan Africa. But stock-outs of malaria treatments in many Sub-Saharan African countries continue to be a problem. Launched in 2009, “SMS for Life” aims to reduce out-of-stock incidents for five key malaria medicines in the region. As Tanzanian health workers send weekly stock count text messages to a centralized database, district managers and the National Malaria Control Programme can use any Internet browser to access supply levels and provide regions with adequate medicine. Inexpensive IBM solutions like this increase inventory visibility throughout the supply chain and help detect signs of an epidemic—increasing public safety and reducing needless deaths.

Featured: July 07, 2011 Radiotype Wireless Data Transmission Radiotype Wireless Data Transmission
In 1935, Antarctic explorer Admiral Richard Byrd used an IBM Radiotype machine to transmit, by microwaves, the word “WATSON” from the South Pole to a lab in New Jersey—approximately 11,000 miles—signaling a new method in text transmission. When the US entered World War II, IBM lent Radiotype machinery to the Signal Corps, which sent a wartime peak of 50 million words each day among six stations at 100 words per minute. Though IBM did not pursue a market for Radiotype after the war, it showed a new generation what was possible in data communications, and helped drive the adoption of more advanced networking technologies.

Featured: July 06, 2011 TAKMI TAKMI
Bringing Order to Unstructured Data
Before 1997, the process of analytics dealt only with structured information. Most of the world’s information, however, is chaotic, unstructured data and text. In response, IBM developed TAKMI, which provides businesses with detailed information, trend identification and otherwise-undetectable insights—helping inform problem-solving and context-based decision-making. Although TAKMI was created to analyze call center logs, IBM quickly realized its potential for broader applications. A medical version of the TAKMI system is analyzing medical publications, taking inventory, and mapping unstructured medical data to identify patterns and enable intelligent clinical decisions.

Featured: July 01, 2011 A Commitment to Employee Education A Commitment to Employee Education
Thomas Watson Sr. said “there is no saturation point in education” and in 1916, he created the IBM Education Program. Over the next two decades, the program expanded to include management education, study clubs and the construction of a schoolhouse and laboratory. Between 1938 and 1952, 40 percent of Endicott employees were enrolled in classes, covering 33 subjects. In 1961 alone, 17,000 employees participated in courses. Today, IBM continues to evolve its commitment to education by offering thousands of learning experiences across roles and geographies in a multitude of in-person and virtual formats.

Featured: June 29, 2011 The First Nationwide Smart Energy and Water Grid The First Nationwide Smart Energy and Water Grid The island nation of Malta turned to IBM to help mitigate its two most pressing issues—water shortage and skyrocketing energy costs. The result is a combination smart water/grid system launched in 2009 that uses instrumented digital meters to monitor waste, incentivize efficient resource use, deter theft and reduce dependence on oil and processed seawater. Together, Malta and IBM are building the world’s first national smart utility system.

Featured: June 28, 2011 New Business Models for Telecom New Business Models for Telecom
To capture the breakneck growth in India’s telecommunications market, Bharti Airtel needed a new business model. The communications service provider (CSP) worked with IBM business consultants to outsource and integrate functions such as network management, help-desk support and IT. This freed the company to focus on high-value objectives such as new services and customer loyalty. Since 2004, Bharti Airtel has grown from six million subscribers to more than 150 million. This year, Bharti expands its model to Africa, where IBM will manage the computing technology and services for a mobile network spanning 16 countries.

Featured: June 24, 2011 CICS CICS
Securing Online Transactions
In the late 1960s, IBM engineer Ben Riggins was working on implementing IBM computers for the Virginia Electric Power Company. VEPCO was interested in setting up customer service centers that were tied in electronically to the company’s mainframe—except no software existed to execute transactions from the field. Riggins developed a piece of software called IBM CICS (Customer Information Control System). CICS blossomed into standard IT middleware, and now processes millions of transactions each day. It is considered one of the most important software products of all time, and one of the most profitable products in the history of IBM.

Featured: June 23, 2011 Cryptography for a Connected World Cryptography for a Connected World
In a world increasingly dependent on electronic data, protected data storage emerged as a critical security concern across all industries and in government. Preparing for this challenge, IBM developed its Data Encryption Standard (DES), a cryptographic algorithm to secure data. In 1977, the US National Bureau of Standards, working with the National Security Agency, adopted DES as the official Federal Information Processing Standard. It quickly became the international standard of protecting sensitive information, keeping the world’s data secure for more than two decades. The wide acceptance of DES solidified IBM’s thought leadership position and holistic approach to data management.

Featured: June 21, 2011 Innovating the Fan Experience Innovating the Fan Experience
Since 1990, IBM has worked with the All England Tennis Club to make the Wimbledon Championships the smartest professional tennis tournament, delivering a front-row experience to millions of fans around the world. Wimbledon is one of the IBM Media and Entertainment division’s efforts to help its clients, from professional sports leagues to music and movie production companies, develop new business models that embrace innovative ways of delivering content to customers.

Featured: June 16, 2011 IBM Is Founded IBM Is Founded
In 1911, international businessman Charles Flint engineered the merger of Hollerith’s Tabulating Machine Company with two other firms—the Computing Scale Company of America, an Ohio manufacturer of meat slicers and scales, and the International Time Recording Company, a maker of industrial clocks. This new conglomerate was named Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company, and it bore the seeds of what would become IBM. Recognizing the need for strong leadership to integrate such disparate organizations, Flint hired Thomas Watson Sr. as a general manager in 1914. Ten years later, with revenues of $11 million or roughly 13 times its original annual sales, 3384 employees and a strong vision for the future, C-T-R changed its name to International Business Machines.

Featured: June 15, 2011 A Global Volunteer Network A Global Volunteer Network
The IBM On Demand Community was established in 2003 as an online system for IBM employees and retirees to formalize their participation in volunteerism. It takes a uniquely IBM approach with a systems-management foundation, the capability of scaling on a global level and a focus on expertise-based service. The global system connects the strengths and skills of each employee and retiree with programs, resources, software and tracking solutions for a host of volunteer opportunities in education and with not-for-profit organizations. In the past five years, IBM surpassed 10 million hours of volunteer work tracked through the On Demand Community system.

Featured: June 14, 2011 Smarter Planet Smarter Planet
In 2008, IBM launched the Smarter Planet agenda as a way to help forward-thinking leaders in business, government and civil society around the world capture the potential of smarter systems to achieve economic growth, near-term efficiency, sustainable development and societal progress. Predicated on the world becoming more instrumented, interconnected and intelligent, Smarter Planet is IBM’s latest “big bet” on the future, with wide-ranging possibilities for improving the transportation, education, energy, food and water systems that run our everyday work and personal lives.

Featured: June 09, 2011 The Globally Integrated Enterprise The Globally Integrated Enterprise
In an essay featured in the May/June 2006 edition of Foreign Affairs magazine, and in a speech given in Bangalore, India, the same year, Samuel Palmisano, chairman and CEO of IBM, outlined his vision of the new globally integrated enterprise. It is the successor to the multinational corporation, which featured smaller versions of the parent company in multiple countries. A globally integrated enterprise is truly global—locating operations and functions anywhere in the world, based on the right cost, availability of skills and supportive business environment. This model is more nimble and less duplicative, and operates well across the flatter world.

Featured: June 08, 2011 The Networked Business Place The Networked Business Place
IBM PROFS (Professional Office System) was an electronic communication system for the automated office environment. Released in 1981, it supported emails, document creation and management, scheduling functions and spreadsheets, and could be linked to other applications, such as databases. Operated by menu-driven user interfaces, built on the mainframe and properties of virtualization, PROFS was the antecedent to office-wide intranets, providing a platform for early virtual collaboration. IBM’s belief in the power of collaboration continued well beyond PROFS and eventually led to the development of w3—the largest intranet in the world.

Featured: June 07, 2011 The Automation of Personal Banking The Automation of Personal Banking
The check-clearing process in banking was dramatically enhanced with the introduction of the IBM 801 Bank Proof machine, unveiled in 1934. As a new type of proof machine, the 801 listed, separated and endorsed checks, in addition to recording totals. Since this innovation, IBM has helped reinvent banking around the world, tailoring automated solutions to local business needs and behaviors and bringing greater convenience and efficiency to everyday financial transactions.

Featured: June 03, 2011 The Social Security System The Social Security System
In the midst of the Great Depression, Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act—creating a gigantic, nationwide information problem with the stroke of a pen. Suddenly, the federal government needed acres of accounting machines to track the paychecks of every working American. There was really only one company that could provide that data processing backbone: IBM. The company provided more than 400 punch card tabulating machines to establish records for 26 million workers.

Featured: June 01, 2011 The DNA Transistor The DNA Transistor
IBM’s DNA Transistor offers a high-tech, low-cost method for reading the human genome sequence. This 2009 breakthrough technology may soon be used to create better patient profiles, tailor-made diagnoses and treatments informed by genetics—driving down the cost of healthcare, while drastically improving quality of care and quality of life.

Featured: May 26, 2011 Corporate Leadership in Environmental Responsibility Corporate Leadership in Environmental Responsibility IBM’s environmental programs date back to 1971 when Thomas Watson Jr., formalized the company’s global commitment to environmental protection in a pioneering Corporate Policy on IBM’s Environmental Responsibilities. It called for IBM to address not only the waste that results from manufacturing its products but also to consider the consequences of processes that are established during product development—what became, decades later, a regulatory focus known as “pollution prevention.” Today, thousands of IBMers in diverse roles are actively engaged in driving and implementing the company’s environmental programs and requirements. By the late 1990s, IBM became the first enterprise to achieve a single global registration covering IBM’s global operations to the ISO 14001 Environmental Management System Standard.

Featured: May 25, 2011 The Origins of Computer Science The Origins of Computer Science
At the end of World War II, the Watson Scientific Computing Laboratory at Columbia University became a pioneering powerhouse, marrying academics with corporate research and development. One year after its 1945 opening, the Laboratory also provided the basis for the world’s first computer science curriculum. The course introduced students to the foundational principles of automated data processing. Many of the students who attended these classes became the first proponents of the electronic data processing field.

Featured: May 20, 2011 The Apollo Missions The Apollo Missions
The seeds of IBM’s involvement in space exploration were planted when Thomas J. Watson established an Astronomical Computing Bureau at Columbia University in the 1930s—decades before NASA was founded. Considered one of history’s greatest scientific achievements, the moon landing is evidence of IBM’s willingness to explore ambitious ideas long before they revealed a path to profitability. IBM has taken part in every US manned space effort in history, working on systems for Mercury, Gemini-Titan and Apollo-Saturn missions, and for the historic 1969 Apollo 11 mission to the Moon. IBM has also helped develop Mission Control for the Gemini, Skylab and US-Soviet Apollo-Soyuz projects, as well as for the Space Shuttle program.

Featured: May 18, 2011 Fractal Geometry Fractal Geometry
In 1967, IBM researcher Benoît Mandelbrot published the initial findings of what he would later describe as “fractal geometry”—a concept by which mankind could use mathematical properties to describe the rough, non-Euclidean geometrical irregularities that exist in nature. Highly contested in its early years, fractal geometry has since informed significant contributions to science, industry, mathematics, and the arts. This new way of viewing our surroundings, this new perception of reality, has since led to a number of remarkable discoveries about the worlds of nature and man.

Featured: May 16, 2011 Silicon Germanium Chips Silicon Germanium Chips
In 1994, IBM Research patented a method for making low-cost semiconductor chips from Silicon Germanium (SiGe). SiGe was more readily available than the more rare, more expensive materials used at the time, and it improved speed and versatility in integrated circuits. Introducing germanium into the base layer of an otherwise all-silicon chip allowed for significant improvements in operating frequency, current, noise, and power capabilities. These cheaper, smaller, more energy efficient chips expanded the wireless industry, as SiGe chips were used in everything from radar to space exploration. Today, SiGe technology powers a new generation of mobile devices and smart technology.

Featured: May 12, 2011 Magnetic Tape Storage Magnetic Tape Storage
In the late 1940s, inspired in part by Bing Crosby’s pioneering use of magnetic tape to record his radio shows, IBM engineers started experimenting with tape as a data storage successor to the punched card. 3M developed tape to IBM specifications, while IBM worked on reels with rapid start and stop times, moving tape at 100 to 200 inches per second. The engineers hit upon the idea of using a vacuum column to suck in loops of tape and buffer it from the jarring stops and starts. In 1952, IBM announced the first magnetic tape storage unit, the IBM 726.

Featured: May 10, 2011 The Invention of Service Science The Invention of Service Science
Just as IBM in the 1940s helped create the academic discipline of computer science, so the company is again extending scientific rigor to key emerging dimensions of a changing world. With the world’s economy shifting from manufacturing to services, Service Science, Management and Engineering (SSME) introduces an important new field of study to enable deeper understanding of how this shift manifests itself in particular organizations and across business and society. Since 2003, IBM has worked with 450 university faculties in 54 countries, as well as governments and industry leaders, to build SSME curricula.

Featured: May 05, 2011 Pioneering Machine-Aided Translation Pioneering Machine-Aided Translation
IBM developed its first translation system for the League of Nations in 1931. The system was based upon the 1927 Filene-Finlay patent and enabled speech to be translated and read at the same time using low-power radio and headphones. Listeners could dial in to access the system in their native language. IBM continued its commitment to automatic translation with a system that translated Russian (chosen for complexity) to English in 1934, English to Braille in 1959 and Chinese to English in 1963. Bidirectional English-to-Arabic translation software was deployed in 2006 to improve communication between English-speaking military personnel and Iraqi forces and citizens.

Featured: May 03, 2011 The Creation of the World Trade Corporation The Creation of the World Trade Corporation
Throughout his tenure as CEO and President of IBM, Thomas J. Watson Sr. maintained a deep interest in international relations. It was under his reign that the company became truly multinational, aggressively expanding operations to Asia, Latin America and Africa. In 1949, Watson created the IBM World Trade Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary, to manage these proliferating operations. In doing so, he hired local people who understood the particularities of the business environments and local cultures in each country. They in turn, trained IBM’s global leadership in the requirements of managing vastly more complex organizations and relationships. Symbolic of his commitment to practice fair and ethical business practices around the world, Watson adopted for the company the new slogan, “World Peace Through World Trade.”

Featured: May 02, 2011 IGF IGF
Financing Technical Innovation
IBM Global Financing (IGF) enables the world’s leading corporations to implement critical e-business solutions, by offering total solutions financing. Since its inception, it has become the largest IT financier in the world, offering businesses of all sizes leasing and financing solutions for hardware, software and services acquired not only from IBM, but from the vendors that best suit the needs of the technology and customer. Today, IGF has thriving customers in more than 50 countries.

Featured: April 27, 2011
Smarter Healthcare Management Smarter Healthcare Management
Guang Dong Hospital in southern China treats more than 10,000 patients daily and is known for integrating traditional Chinese medicine with contemporary Western medical practices. IBM is helping the hospital deploy an electronic, patient-centered records system that offers access to a patient’s medical data from any location. Electronic medical records have the potential to save the healthcare industry billions of dollars and prevent billions more misdiagnoses. IBM is working with a variety of industry stakeholders to drive the digitization of records, a critical step in improving patient care. In addition to working with hospitals, IBM is partnering with Google and Continua Health Alliance to allow individuals to create personal health profiles that capture key medical information.

Featured: April 26, 2011
Breaking the Petaflop Barrier Breaking the Petaflop Barrier
The IBM computer built for the “Roadrunner project” at Los Alamos National Lab in 2008 was the first in the world to operate at speeds faster than one quadrillion calculations per second—one petaflop. The world’s first “hybrid” supercomputer (using two different processor architectures), Roadrunner is twice as energy-efficient as the next computer—using about half the electricity to maintain the same level of computing power.

Featured: April 20, 2011
e-business e-business
As booming dot-com start-ups brought electronic commerce to consumers, big companies looked on wondering what to do. In the late 1990s, IBM offered a helping hand by recognizing the trend and using its strengths in mainframes, transactions and networking to create a strategy called “e-business.” This was a turning point for corporate America in the Internet Age, showing that big companies—not just Silicon Valley upstarts—had an important future in Web-based collaboration and business.

Featured: April 19, 2011
The Optimization of Oil Supplies The Optimization of Oil Supplies
IBM has a long history of using emerging technology to help energy companies find, extract, process and use oil. From using 3-D seismic modeling to locate fields to designing sensing technologies to track oil flow and equipment for optimal safety, IBM is at the forefront of helping the oil industry remain safer, more sustainable, and more productive. As one example, IBM has partnered with companies in Venezuela since 1938, when Mene Grande Oil Company in Maracaibo received its first IBM machines through a new venture called C. A. Watson de Maquinas Commerciales—IBM’s operating name in Venezuela. Since oil was first discovered in Venezuela, IBM has been there, providing technology and infrastructures that adapt according to the needs of the industry.

Featured: April 18, 2011
High-Temperature Superconductors High-Temperature Superconductors
Superconductors are perfect conductors of electricity and have unusual magnetic properties. The problem, though, was that they only worked at minus 459 degrees Fahrenheit—temperatures only reachable in lab experiments. In 1986, Georg Bednorz and Alex Müller were working with perovskites at IBM’s research lab and found they would superconduct at temperatures far warmer than all previous records. This breakthrough opened a path to numerous useful applications. Superconductors made MRI machines cheaper and faster, helping them spread to hospitals around the world. High-speed rail travel even relies on superconductors. In 1987, Bednorz and Müller were awarded the Nobel prize for their discovery.

Featured: April 13, 2011
The Management of Transportation Flow The Management of Transportation Flow
The city of Stockholm, Sweden, had a traffic congestion problem. To spur less car use there, IBM developed a road charging system that would directly charge drivers who used city center roads during peak business hours. The system, launched in 2007, covered a 24-square kilometer inner city area with 18 barrier-free control points equipped with cameras and a mix of payment channels. The result was a drop in traffic, increased green vehicle and public transportation use, and an improved overall quality of life for the city’s residents. Today, key lessons learned in the Stockholm project are helping IBM to bring its “smarter” systems approach to aid cities such as Brisbane, Singapore and London in resolving longstanding urban issues.

Featured: April 12, 2011
Deep Thunder Deep Thunder
IBM researcher Lloyd Treinish developed a hyper-local weather forecasting capability that combined algorithms, computer modeling and visualization to predict short-range, very local weather. His system was first used at the Atlanta Olympics in 1996. By understanding and anticipating weather patterns, businesses and government agencies could better utilize resources, reduce costs and curtail the negative impact of storms—preserving structures and property and saving lives.

Featured: April 11, 2011
WebSphere WebSphere
With the height of the dot com boom ahead of him, the head of IBM Software group Steve Mills called his three top men into his office to discuss how they should “Webify” the company’s top enterprise software tools. The conversation led to the advent of IBM’s WebSphere application server, released in early 1998. Initially, the WebSphere team focused on rapid development and deployment of Web applications supporting HTTP, Servlet and Java Server Pages apps. However, IBM quickly extended WebSphere to transactional applications and beyond, driven by customer needs, and anticipating market shifts. Today, the WebSphere suite of products and services helps businesses set up, operate and integrate electronic applications across multiple computing platforms.

Featured: April 07, 2011
Tracking Infectious Diseases Tracking Infectious Diseases
In 1976, the World Health Organization utilized the IBM System/370 at the United Nations’ International Computing Center in Geneva to precisely map trends and outbreaks of smallpox so that it could best allocate its limited personnel and resources to the most urgent locations. The system became a global model for demographic tracking. Since then, IBM has worked to understand the spread of many epidemics and pandemics. It partnered with the Centers for Disease Control to model the spread of H1N1—the “swine flu”—and developed the Spatiotemporal Epidemiological Modeler for use in tracking bird flu, dengue fever, and other infectious diseases that threaten human wellbeing.

Featured: April 04, 2011
IBM 603 IBM 603
The First Commercial Electronic Calculator
The first electronic calculator ever placed into production, the IBM 603, was the first commercial product to incorporate electronic arithmetic circuits. This marked a major shift for IBM, from mechanical to electronic computation. Born from the company’s continuing focus on electronic development, the 603 was part of a program to make an electronic “super calculator” that would perform calculations faster than 1944’s ASCC, a 51-foot-long machine. The result was a considerably smaller device that used vacuum tubes to perform multiplication far more rapidly than earlier electromechanical devices. For the first time, calculations could be done instantaneously.

Featured: March 30, 2011
World Community Grid World Community Grid
Although the world’s information processing capacity is growing exponentially, so are the planet’s systemic challenges. IBM’s World Community Grid, released in 2004, makes use of pervasive networking and crowdsourcing to apply supercomputer levels of processing power to urgent healthcare and societal needs. Tapping thousands of individuals’ idle computers, World Community Grid significantly accelerates the progress of cash-strapped scientific and public-service projects. The Grid demonstrates IBM’s commitment to human progress by marrying its human capital and technology resources for research.

Featured: March 29, 2011
Building an Equal Opportunity Workforce Building an Equal Opportunity Workforce
One year before the 1954 Supreme Court decision Brown v. the Board of Education and 11 years before the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Thomas J. Watson, Jr. issued a policy letter to his employees stating: “It is the policy of this organization to hire people who have the personality, talent and background necessary to fill a given job, regardless of race, color or creed.” IBM has historically taken an intellectual approach to its hiring process, being truly blind to human traits beyond expertise and character. Its diversity initiatives reflect this thinking and have helped redefine the workplace.

Featured: March 24, 2011
The IBM 700 Series The IBM 700 Series
Computing Comes to Business
The 1950s brought challenges for IBM, the undisputed leader in data processing. To stay ahead of the Soviet Union, the US government began helping 14 organizations to develop electronic computers. IBM’s future—and its pride—was at stake. In response, IBM created the 701 in 1951, its first commercial computer. The machine amazed the world. Time wrote that it would “open up new horizons by rapidly working out complex equations to help discover new products, improve old ones, find out which answers to problems are the best.” IBM President Thomas J. Watson, Jr. said the 701 was “the machine that carried us into the electronics business.”

Featured: March 22, 2011
Smarter Water Management Smarter Water Management
In 2009, IBM and the Marine Institute in Ireland completed the SmartBay pilot information system. The system monitors and analyzes wave conditions, marine life and pollution levels in and around Galway Bay, using an infrastructure of sensors and computational technology interconnected across the bay to collect and distribute information on coastal conditions. The system shifts data gathering from manual to instrumented—allowing researchers to respond quickly to critical challenges, including pollution. The project serves as an example for coastal towns everywhere looking to mitigate pollution and flooding while managing fishing stock. By studying Galway Bay—home to some of the world’s roughest surf—IBM researchers also hope to learn important lessons about harnessing energy from wave power.

Featured: March 17, 2011
Predictive Crime Fighting Predictive Crime Fighting
For several generations IBM has partnered with local governments and police operations to provide technology that aids law enforcement and security. In 1963 the company helped the New York Police Department reduce the time required to identify fingerprints from hours to mere minutes. Today, law enforcement officials in New York, Chicago, Memphis and other cities around the world continue to use data and predictive analytics to take smarter approaches to fighting crime.

Featured: March 16, 2011
The Selectric Typewriter The Selectric Typewriter
The typewriter industry changed forever with the invention of the IBM Selectric typewriter in 1961. Prior to this innovation, the conventional typewriter’s basket of type bars inevitably tended to tangle, slowing a typist’s speed. The Selectric was fitted with a golf ball-shaped typing head that replaced the type bar carriage, reducing the amount of space the typewriter took up on the desktop. The silver-colored “golf ball” element circumvented the jamming issue: with no bars to tangle, typists’ speed and productivity soared. The IBM Selectric became the most successful electric typewriter model ever made, dominating the high-end office typewriter market for 25 years.

Featured: March 15, 2011
A Global Innovation Jam A Global Innovation Jam
IBM’s 2006 Innovation Jam was the largest IBM online brainstorming session ever held. IBM brought together more than 150,000 employees, clients, and constituents from 104 countries and 67 companies. As a result, ten new IBM businesses were launched around innovations ranging from electronic health record systems to branchless banking. In all, IBM committed a seed investment totaling $100 million in innovative services and products as a result of the Jam.

Featured: March 14, 2011
Linux Linux
The Era of Open Innovation
IBM’s decision to support Linux brought the power of open source innovation to IBM servers, systems and solutions. In 2000, IBM announced it would invest $1 billion in Linux, with a concerted focus on improving the operating system from within the Linux community, transitioning all IBM systems to run Linux and optimizing existing IBM hardware and software to become Linux-ready. The commitment caught the attention of CEOs and CIOs all over the world, drove down customer costs while increasing flexibility and represented a significant validation of open source innovation. Today, Linux is the fastest-growing operating system in the world.

Featured: March 11, 2011
A Culture of Think A Culture of Think
In a sales meeting at NCR, an angry Thomas Watson Sr. barked at his staff “what you men have to do is THINK!” With that, he wrote THINK on a flip board and told an assistant to put the word on plaques and give them out. When Watson joined the nascent C-T-R in 1914, he brought the THINK slogan with him. By the1920s, C-T-R became IBM, THINK signs appeared in many locations and the slogan became synonymous with the company as it attracted the media spotlight. With THINK as the mantra, Watson created a culture of independent thinkers and impassioned sellers, empowering a large, dispersed workforce.

Featured: March 10, 2011
The Making of International Business Machines The Making of International Business Machines
In the 1920s, Computer-Tabulating-Recording Company was not very big and not very international, but it was a fast-growing, small tech company with outsized ambitions. One of those was to be a global company, at a time when few companies thought that way. Watson began sending lieutenants overseas to start branch companies that would be run by local managers, an unusual approach when most companies appointed Americans to run overseas operations. Inspired by broad company names like General Electric and General Motors, Watson changed C-T-R’s name to International Business Machines, emphasizing its global aspirations. Today IBM operates in over 170 countries.

Featured: March 09, 2011
The Accessible Workforce The Accessible Workforce
In 1941, IBM hired a legally blind employee, psychologist Dr. Michael Supa, to assist in the hiring of 181 people with disabilities over the following two years. Dr. Supa later helped IBM make its products more adaptable to the needs of the visually impaired. His motto was “No person is handicapped if he has the right job.” Dr. Supa is just one example of IBM’s progressive employment practices, which started with the hiring of its first disabled employee in 1914—76 years before the Americans with Disabilities Act. IBM has pioneered a number of technology solutions that enhance accessibility, such as the Home Page Reader, an early Braille printer and speech recognition technology.

Featured: March 08, 2011
Good Design Is Good Business Good Design Is Good Business
Thomas Watson Jr. hired architect and industrial designer Eliot Noyes in 1956 to create the Corporate Design Program at IBM as its first Consultant Design Director. The program brought an increased design sensibility to architecture, graphics, industrial design, interiors, exhibits and fine art procurement at IBM. Noyes designed a system for the presentation of IBM products as well as the larger IBM brand, from the showroom at 590 Madison Avenue to products like the IBM Dictation Machine. From aesthetic to function, design reflected IBM‘s true corporate mission to use advanced technology to improve the way people live and do business.

Featured: March 07, 2011
The PC The PC
Personal Computing Comes of Age
On August 12, 1981, at a press conference at the Waldorf Astoria ballroom in New York City, Phillip “Don” Estridge announced the IBM Personal Computer (IBM 5150) with a price tag of $1,565. Two decades earlier, an IBM computer often cost as much as nine million dollars and required an air-conditioned quarter-acre of space with a staff of 60. The new IBM PC was not only faster, it put a computer within every household’s reach. The IBM PC helped revolutionize the way the world does business. One year later, it earned Time magazine’s “Person of the Year” award.

Featured: March 04, 2011
Blue Gene Blue Gene
The driving strategy behind IBM’s $100 million dollar, 5-year development project in the 1990s was to leverage Scalable Parallel Processing with practical purpose: weather prediction, oil exploration, and complex manufacturing processes. To “do more with less,” IBM engineers embarked on a quest to dramatically increase the computer’s speed and efficiency while decreasing its size. Designed in partnership with the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the first Blue Gene helped biologists observe the previously invisible processes of protein folding and gene development. Each iteration took the technology further - and together, the Blue Gene series revolutionized the economics of supercomputing.

Featured: March 03, 2011
FORTRAN FORTRAN
The Pioneering Programming Language
Programming early computers meant using an arcane “machine code” specific to each computer. IBM programmer John Backus found a better solution. In 1957, he and his team produced the first high-level language, FORTRAN (for FORmula TRANslating System). A FORTRAN program could run on any system with a FORTRAN compiler, which translated Backus’s code to machine code almost as efficiently as a good programmer. For the first time, code was comprehensible to people other than programmers, giving mathematicians and scientists the ability to write programs they could share on different systems. FORTRAN was a significant step toward freeing software from the constraints of its hardware.

Featured: March 02, 2011
The Mapping of Humanity's Family Tree The Mapping of Humanity's Family Tree
Who am I? How did we get here? Launched in 2005, National Geographic’s Genographic Project aims to answer these questions. IBM and the Genographic Project began gathering human DNA from across the world and analyzing it for genetic markers that signal a deviation—or branch—in our family tree. By examining our ancestral roots, researchers can draw a more complete picture of humanity’s migratory history. IBM is providing the analytics to read the more than 400,000 samples collected so far. Through this project, IBM has gained tremendous knowledge of genetic variation and has become the world’s first company with a genetic non-discrimination policy.

Featured: March 01, 2011
Sabre Sabre
The First Online Reservation System
IBM worked for six years with American Airlines to develop a reservation system that would allow the company to quickly track, fill and file records of the hundreds of passengers that packed its new jets. The system was an enormous success, and similar models were later sold to Pan Am and Delta. The Sabre system enabled a major transformation not only of airline reservations, but also of revenue management, cargo, pricing, scheduling and operations. More significantly, Sabre paved the way for real-time online transactions—also known as Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)—a precursor of everything from ATM machines to Internet commerce.

Featured: February 28, 2011
Corporate Service Corps Corporate Service Corps
The IBM Corporate Service Corps (CSC) program was launched in 2008 to create leadership development opportunities for IBMers while delivering expertise-based service for the communities and organizations in emerging markets. To date 1000 IBMers have participated in CSC projects that tackle issues from local economic development, entrepreneurship, transportation and education, to government services, healthcare and disaster recovery. Corporate Service Corps teams now serve in over twenty countries around the world.

Featured: February 25, 2011
The IBM Punched Card The IBM Punched Card
From the beginning of tabulation, stiff rectangular cards punched with holes became the way data was recorded and stored. As IBM grew to dominate data processing by the 1920s, its cards—which only worked on IBM machines and vice-versa—became the global industry standard. In 1928, IBM improved on the cards’ design so more data could be stored on a single card. From the 1950s through about 1970, IBM punched cards were the primary way corporations and governments stored and accessed information, making the cards the most durable, successful data storage medium since the book.

Featured: February 24, 2011
The First Corporate Pure Science Research Laboratory The First Corporate Pure Science Research Laboratory
“Think” was at the core of Watson’s being. In 1944, he established the Watson Scientific Computing Laboratory at Columbia University, the first corporate laboratory dedicated to pure scientific research. There, a handful of scientists used machines previously dedicated to accounting to investigate everything from atomic fission to the orbit of the moon. Embedding IBM within a university helped to develop a diverse new field of thinkers. Today, eight IBM labs work with government and university research labs worldwide. This new model of “collaboratories” allows the company to stretch its budget and access some of the best minds on the planet.

Featured: February 23, 2011
DRAM DRAM
The Invention of On-Demand Data
In the mid-1960s, IBM researcher Bob Dennard developed the world’s first one-transistor memory, calling it “dynamic random access memory,” or DRAM. Finally, mainframes could be outfitted with short-term memory to act as a buffer to the data stored on disk drives. The memory chips would hold information the computer was working on right then, so it could go back to the disk drive only when it needed something new. This vastly sped up the process of accessing and using stored information. DRAM instantly made computer memory smaller, denser and cheaper, all while requiring less power.

Featured: February 22, 2011
Automated Test Scoring Automated Test Scoring
IBM pioneered the measurement of academic performance with 1937’s IBM 805 Test Scoring Machine. This machine was able to score tests in less time than it took to manually mark the answer sheet, and was many times more accurate. Its innovative pencil-mark sensing technology gave rise to the ubiquitous phrase, “Please completely fill in the oval.” The innovation came into use just prior to World War II, when the government relied on the machine to process and place large numbers of applicants into jobs.

Featured: February 21, 2011
Scanning Tunneling Microscope Scanning Tunneling Microscope
The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) revolutionized our ability to manipulate solid surfaces the size of atoms. Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer of IBM’s Zurich Research Center were awarded the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering the STM. And the STM, in turn, has led to other discoveries on a “nano” scale, playing an essential role in the blossoming of nanotechnology. It was vital in the 1990s discovery of fullerenes, which led to the development of the carbon nanotube. The Nobel committee said the invention opened up “entirely new fields... for the study of the structure of matter.”

Featured: February 17, 2011
The Optimization of Global Railways The Optimization of Global Railways
IBM’s first customer in Italy, the Italian state-owned Ferrovie dello Stato (Italian Railways) turned to IBM in 1928 to automate its administrative processes. The result was an inventory of spare parts that drastically reduced waste and statistical traffic analysis that helped to schedule and allocate trains. Italian Railways was one of the first organizations to fully exploit the advantages of IBM’s large-scale, large-volume data management capabilities. IBM’s work there led to railway engagements in India, the Netherlands, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cuba, France, Guatemala, Hungary, Mexico, Poland and Yugoslavia.

Featured: February 14, 2011
A Computer Called Watson A Computer Called Watson
IBM’s latest computer, code-named “Watson” leverages the leading edge Question-Answering technology, allowing the computer to process and understand natural language. It incorporates massively parallel analytical capabilities to emulate the human mind’s ability to understand the actual meaning behind words, distinguish between relevant and irrelevant content, and ultimately, demonstrate confidence to deliver precise final answers. In February of 2011, Watson will make history by being the first computer to compete against humans on television’s venerable quiz show, Jeopardy!.

Featured: February 11, 2011
The Rise of the Internet The Rise of the Internet
In 1987, IBM, working with the U.S. National Science Foundation and our partners at MCI and Merit designed a new high-speed National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) to connect US universities and 6 US-based supercomputer centers. The NSFNET greatly increased the capacity of the Internet (increasing the bandwidth of backbone links from 56 Kilobits/sec to 1.5 Megabits/sec to 45 Megabits/sec) and greatly increased the reliability and reach of the Internet—reaching more than 50 million users in 93 countries when management of the Internet infrastructure was transferred to the telecom carriers and commercial Internet Service Providers in 1995.

Featured: February 10, 2011
RAMAC RAMAC
The First Magnetic Hard Disk
The world’s first hard disk drive was the size of two kitchen refrigerators set side by side. It contained 50 disks spinning at 1,200 revolutions per minute, supplying data at 100,000 bits per second. It was the IBM RAMAC (Random Access Method of Accounting and Control), and it allowed enterprises to think about data in new ways—mixing and matching it on the fly, allowing each bit of information to be read or changed randomly. Along with IBM’s magnetic tape drive, the 1956 release of RAMAC essentially launched the data storage industry.

Featured: February 08, 2011
Excimer Laser Surgery Excimer Laser Surgery
In 1981, three IBM scientists—Rangaswamy Srinivasan, James Wynne and Samuel Blum—discovered how the newly invented excimer laser could remove specific human tissue without harming the surrounding area and do so on an extremely minute scale—a process that became the foundation for LASIK and PRK surgery. The painless procedure, which changes the shape of the cornea, has improved the vision and quality of life for millions of people around the world.

Featured: February 04, 2011
Magnetic Stripe Technology Magnetic Stripe Technology
In 1969, IBM engineer Forrest Parry had a problem. He was trying to affix a strip of magnetized tape with a piece of plastic to create an identity card for the CIA, but he was struggling to combine the two components. When he mentioned the problem to his wife, who happened to be ironing clothing at the time, she suggested that he use the iron to melt the strip on. He tried it, and it worked. The magnetic stripe, when combined with point-of-sale devices and data networks, was one of the catalysts that accelerated the proliferation of credit card usage around the world, transforming commerce forever.

Featured: February 03, 2011
The First Salaried Workforce The First Salaried Workforce
Thomas Watson Sr. always believed in making his workers feel dignified. In 1934, he bucked a trend toward paying factory workers in piecework, instead paying by the hour. Continuing the tradition, in 1958 IBM became the first industrial organization to place all regular, hourly-rated domestic employees on a salary basis. This change in pay practice made all domestic employees part of same basic compensation plan, providing its workforce with economic stability and equality.

Featured: February 02, 2011
Optimizing the Food Supply Optimizing the Food Supply
IBM worked with the Danish government in 1988 to create a nationwide cattle registry. This National Cattle Database collected and managed a breadth of information on 1.2 million bovine animals—including yield, breeding abilities, herdbook, medical history and even udder size and shape. The database has enabled farmers to optimize the breeding and yield of every cow and provided the Danish government with the visibility and traceability critical to the export of agricultural products. IBM continues to help governments, farmers and fisheries around the world develop smarter food chains to maximize yield and ensure safety and quality.

Featured: February 01, 2011
The Floppy Disk The Floppy Disk
The IBM engineers who developed the floppy disk never could have dreamed that it would soon become instilled in the fabric of consumers' lives. It was originally designed for large-scale systems, as a more efficient form factor for IBM's System/370 mainframe data loads. But soon, the disk's small size and ever-increasing storage capabilities led to its adoption by smaller systems as well. Usable, durable and flexible, the floppy disk quickly became ubiquitous as the preferred storage medium for the emerging personal computer industry.

Featured: January 28, 2011
SAGE SAGE
The First National Air Defense Network
In the depths of the cold war, IBM was contracted to help safeguard the United States by building an air defense system known as the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE). When fully deployed in 1963, the system consisted of 27 centers throughout North America, each occupying an acre of floor space. SAGE was the first large computer network to provide man-machine interaction in real time. It provided the user with speed, altitude, and weapons availability data. Fortunately, while SAGE made available a number of formative computer technologies, much of its capabilities never had to be put into use.

Featured: January 26, 2011
IBM 1401: The Mainframe IBM 1401: The Mainframe
In 1959, IBM introduced the 1401, the first high-volume, stored-program, core-memory transistorized mainframe computer. Its versatility in running enterprise applications of all kinds helped it become the most popular computer model in the world in the early 1960s. IBM also introduced the 1403 chain printer, which launched the era of high-speed, high-volume impact printing. The 1403 was unsurpassed in quality until the advent of the laser printer in the 1970s. The 1401 was the first computer system in the world to reach 10,000 unit sales.

Featured: January 25, 2011
UPC UPC
The Transformation of Retail
The UPC barcode system came into being as the result of one man's breakthrough moment, while working under a dramatically tight deadline. This 1973 invention turned into one of the most profound contributions to industrial technology. A truly universal standard, the UPC is among the most recognized designs in history, and typically IBM: an elegantly simple matrix of information that can be customized for almost any type of transaction and can yield as much data as needed. For retailers, the UPC meant savings, better customer service, precise inventory control, and rich stores of marketing data. UPC changed the point-of-sale experience forever.

Featured: January 21, 2011
Patents and Innovation
By hiring engineer and inventor James W. Bryce in 1917, Thomas Watson Sr. showed his commitment to pure inventing. Bryce and his team established IBM as a long-term leader in the development and protection of intellectual property. By 1929, 90 percent of IBM's products were the result of Watson's investments in R&D. In 1940, the team invented a method for adding and subtracting using vacuum tubes—a basic building block of the fully electronic computers that transformed business in the1950s. This pattern—using innovation to create intellectual property—shaped IBM's history.


Erstellt: 2011-04

ibm
IBM-Jargon-Abkürzungen

(E?)(L?) http://techsupport.services.ibm.com/guides/acronyms.html
Weitere Hinweise zu den Bezeichnungen gibt es auf der angegebenen Seite.
The following terms and acronyms are used frequently in the course of solving customers' problems:

ibm
IBM-Terminology-Glossary

(E?)(L?) http://www-306.ibm.com/software/globalization/terminology/index.jsp
This Web site consolidates several of the main glossaries created for IBM products in one convenient location. Other glossaries may be available on IBM Internet sites for specific products or technologies. To find a glossary that is not listed here, conduct a search on the IBM home page or the home page of the relevant product.

This Web site consolidates the terminology from many IBM products in one convenient location. In addition to base computer terminology, terms and definitions from the following brands and product families are included:
CICS | iSeries | Lotus | Tivoli | WebSphere
Terms from other brands such as Rational, DB2, and zSeries will be added in the near future.

Am 03.08.2004 waren folgende englische Begriffe im Glossary mit Erklärungen aufgeführt:



IBM eServer

(E?)(L?) http://www.ibm.de/
(E?)(L?) http://www-1.ibm.com/partnerworld/pwhome.nsf/vAssetsLookup/bp_eserv_guidelines.pdf/$File/bp_eserv_guidelines.pdf
"Im Jahr 2000 hat IBM die vier Serverlinien unter dem Namen IBM e-server zusammengeführt. Das Ergebnis ist eine Serverfamilie, die sich durch wegweisende Technologie auszeichnet: zSeries (Mainframes), iSeries (integrierte Server), pSeries (UNIX-Systeme), xSeries (Intel-Server)
Schon heute ist die Bedeutung der Buchstaben kaum noch bekannt.
Der Link verweist auf ein Dokument (IBM eServer USAGE GUIDELINES), das einige Hinweise zur Corporate Identity der eServer enthält. Auf Seite 12 wird die "NAMING ARCHITECTURE" beschrieben.

IEEE

(E?)(L?) http://www.ieee.org/
("Ei Triple-i") = "Institute of Electrical Engineers"
Das IEEE befasst sich mit der Normierung auf dem Gebiet der Elektronik. Eine Projektgruppe befasste sich mit der Normierung lokaler Netzwerke. Die Gruppe traf sich zum ersten Mal am 29.02.1980. Seitdem hiess sie Projektgruppe 802 (Im Jahre 80 im Februar). Die entwickelten Normen hiessen dann 802.x, z.B. befasst sich die Norm 802.9 mit integrierten Sprach- und Datennetzen (um wieder etwas näher zum Thema dieser Homepage zu kommen).
Diese Nummerung wurde auch von der ISO übernommen als y802.x

Informatics (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatics


irchelp
IRC Communication Research Resources

(E?)(L?) http://www.irchelp.org/irchelp/communication-research


irchelp
about multilingualism in the IRC (Internet Relay Chat)

(E?)(L?) http://www.irchelp.org/irchelp/misc/foreign.html


IRQ Numbers (W3)

(E6)(L1) http://webopedia.com/quick_ref/IRQnumbers.asp
"IRQ" steht für "Interrupt Request".

Prior to plug-and-play devices, users had to set IRQ values of devices manually when adding the device, such as a modem or printer, to a system. The following list of IRQ numbers specifies what each of the 16 IRQ lines are used for.

isaca
IT-Glossary

(E?)(L?) http://www.isaca.org/Pages/Glossary.aspx



Access control | Access control table | Access method | Access path | Access rights | Accountability | ACK (acknowledgement) | Active recovery site (mirrored) | Active response | Address | Address space | Addressing | adjusting period | Administrative controls | allocation entry | Alpha | Analog | Anomaly | Anomaly detection | Anonymity | Anonymous File Transfer Protocol (FTP) | Antivirus software | Appearance | Appearance of independence | Applet | application | Application acquisition review | Application controls | Application development review | Application implementation review | Application layer | Application maintenance review | Application program | Application programming | Application programming interface (API) | Application proxy | application security | Application software tracing and mapping | Application system | Arithmetic-logic unit (ALU) | Artificial intelligence | ASP/MSP (application or managed service provider) | Assembler | Assembly language | Asymmetric key (public key) | Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) | Asynchronous transmission | Attest reporting engagement | Attitude | Attribute sampling | Audit | Audit accountability | Audit authority | Audit charter | Audit evidence | Audit expert systems | Audit objective | Audit plan | Audit program | Audit responsibility | Audit risk | Audit sampling | Audit trail | auditability | Authentication | authorization | Automated teller machine (ATM) | Availability | Backup | Bandwidth | Bar case | Bar code | Base case | Baseband | Batch control | Batch processing | Baud rate | | Binary code | Biometric locks | Biometrics | Black box testing | Blackbox testing | Border router | Bridge | Broadband | Brouters | Brute force | BSP (business service provider) | budget | budget formula | budget hierarchy | budget organization | Buffer | Bulk data transfer | Bus | Bus topology | Business impact analysis (BIA) | business process integrity | Business process reengineering (BPR) | Business risk | Business-to-consumer e-commerce (B2C) | Bypass label processing (BLP) | CAATs | Cadbury | Capacity stress testing | Card swipes | Cathode ray tube (CRT) | Central office (CO) | Central processing unit (CPU) | Centralized data processing | Certificate authority (CA) | Certificate Revocation List | Challenge/response token | Check digit | Check digit verification (self-checking digit) | Checkpoint restart procedures | Ciphertext | Circuit-switched network | Circular routing | Cleartext | Client-server | Cluster controller | Coaxial cable | COBIT® | COCO | Cohesion | Cold site | Combined Code on Corporate Governance | Communications controller | Comparison program | Compensating control | Completeness check | Compliance testing | Components (as in component-based development) | Comprehensive audit | Computationally greedy | Computer sequence checking | computer server | Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) | Computer-assisted audit technique (CAATs) | Concurrent access | Confidentiality | Console log | consumer | Content filtering | Continuity | Continuous auditing approach | Control group | Control objective | Control Objectives for Enterprise Governance | Control perimeter | Control risk | control risk self-assessment | Control section | Control weakness | Controls | corporate exchange rate | Corporate governance | Corrective controls | COSO | Coupling | Coverage | Credentialed analysis | credit risk | Criteria | Cross-certification | Cryptography | data analysis | Data communications | Data custodian | Data dictionary | Data diddling | Data Encryption Standard (DES) | data flow | data integrity | Data leakage | Data owner | Data security | Data structure | Database | Database administrator (DBA) | Database management system (DBMS) | Database replication | Database specifications | Datagram | Data-oriented systems development | DDoS (distributed denial-of-service) attack | Decentralization | Decision support systems (DSS) | Decoy server | Decryption | Decryption key | Default deny policy | Default password | Detailed IS ontrols | Detection risk | Dial-back | Dial-in access controls | Digital certificate | digital certification | Digital signature | Direct reporting engagement | Discovery sampling | Diskless workstations | Distributed data processing network | DMZ (demilitarized zone) | DNS (domain name system) | DoS (denial-of-service) attack | Downloading | Downtime report | Dry-pipe fire extinguisher system | Due care | Due professional care | Dumb terminal | Duplex routing | Dynamic analysis | Echo checks | e-commerce | Edit controls | Editing | Electronic cash | Electronic data interchange (EDI) | Electronic funds transfer (EFT) | Electronic signature | Electronic vaulting | E-mail/interpersonal messaging | Embedded audit module | Encapsulation (objects) | Encryption | Encryption key | End-user computing | Engagement letter | Enterprise governance | enterprise resource planning | error | Error risk | Ethernet | Evidence | Exception reports | Executable code | Expert systems | Exposure | Extended Binary-coded Decimal Interchange Code | Extensible Markup Language (XML) | External router | Fail-over | Fail-safe | False negative | False positive | Fault tolerance | Feasibility study | Fiber optic cable | Field | File | File layout | File server | Filtering router | FIN (final) | Financial audit | Finger | Firewall | Firmware | fiscal year | foreign exchange risk | Format checking | Fourth generation language (4GL) | Frame relay | Fraud risk | FTP (file transfer protocol) | Full duplex | Function point analysis | Gateway | General computer controls | Generalized audit software | Geographic disk mirroring | Hacker | Half duplex | Handprint scanner | Harden | Hardware | Hash function | Hash total | Hexadecimal | Hierarchical database | Honey pot | Hot site | HTTP (hyper text transfer protocol) | HTTPS (hyper text transfer protocol secure) | Hub | hyperlink | hypertext | ICMP (internet control message protocol) | Idle standby | IDS (intrusion detection system) | Image processing | implementation life cycle review | Incremental testing | Independence | Independent appearance | Independent attitude | Indexed sequential access method (ISAM) | Indexed sequential file | Information engineering | Information processing facility (IPF) | Inherent risk | Inheritance (objects) | Initial program load (IPL) | Input controls | Integrated services digital network (ISDN) | Integrated test facilities (ITF) | Integrity | Intelligent terminal | interest rate risk | Interface testing | Internal control | Internal control structure | Internal penetrators | Internal storage | Internet | Internet banking | Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) | Internet Inter-ORB Protocol (IIOP) | Internet packet (IP) spoofing | intranet | Intrusion | Intrusion detection | Intrusive monitoring | IP (Internet protocol) | IPSec (Internet protocol security) | Irregularities | ISO17799 | ISP (Internet service provider) | IT governance | Job control language (JCL) | journal entry | Judgment sampling | L2F (Layer 2 forwarding) | L2TP (Layer 2 tunneling protocol) | Latency | LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) | Leased lines | legal risk | Librarian | Limit check | Link editor (linkage editor) | liquidity risk | Local area network (LAN) | Local loop | Log | Logical access controls | Logoff | Logon | Logs/Log file | Machine language | Magnetic card reader | Magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) | Management information system (MIS) | Man-in-the-middle attack | manual journal entry | Mapping | Masking | Masqueraders | Master file | Materiality | Memory dump | Message switching | Microwave transmission | Middleware | Misuse detection | Modem (modulator-demodulator) | Monetary unit sampling | Monitor | Monitoring policy | Multiplexing | Multiplexor | Mutual takeover | NAT (Network Address Translation) | Netware | Network | Network administrator | Network hop | Node | Noise | Non-intrusive monitoring | nonrepudiable trnasactions | Nonrepudiation | Normalization | Numeric check | Object code | Object Management Group (OMG) | Object orientation | Objectivity | object-oriented system development | Offline files | Offsite storage | Online data processing | Open systems | Operating system | Operating system audit trails | Operational audit | Operational control | operational risk | Operator console | Optical character recognition | Optical scanner | Output analyzer | Outsourcing | Packet | Packet filtering | Packet switching | Parallel simulation | Parallel testing | Parity check | Partitioned file | Passive assault | Passive response | Password | Password cracker | payment system | Penetration testing | Performance indicators | Performance testing | Peripherals | Permanent virtual circuit (PVC) | Personal identification number (PIN) | Pervasive IS controls | Piggy backing | Plaintext | Point-of-presence (POP) | Point-of-sale systems (POS) | Polymorphism (objects) | Population | Port | Posting | PPP (point-to-point protocol) | PPTP (point-to-point tunneling protocol) | Preventive controls | price risk | Privacy | Private key | Private key cryptosystems | Privilege | Procedure | Production programs | Production software | Professional competence | Program evaluation and review technique (PERT) | Program flowcharts | Program narratives | Project sponsor | Project team | Promiscuous mode | Protection domain | Protocol | Protocol converter | Protocol stack | Prototyping | Proxy server | Public key | Public key cryptosystem | Public key infrastructure | Queue | Quick ship | RADIUS | Random access memory (RAM) | Range check | rapid application development | Real-time analysis | Real-time processing | Reasonable assurance | Reasonableness check | Reciprocal agreement | Record | Record, screen and report layouts | Recovery point objective (RPO)- | Recovery testing | Recovery time objective (RTO) | Redo logs | Redundancy check | Reengineering | registration authority (RA) | Regression testing | Relevant audit evidence | Reliable audit evidence | Remote job entry (RJE) | Remote procedure calls (RPCs) | Repository | repudiation | reputational risk | Request for proposal (RFP) | Requirements definition | Residual risk | Reverse engineering | RFC (request for comments) | Ring topology | Risk | Risk assessment | Rootkit | Rotating standby | Rounding down | Router | RS-232 interface | RSA | Rulebase | Run instructions | Run-to-run totals | Sampling risk | Scheduling | Screening routers | secure socket layer (SSL) | Security administrator | Security management | Security perimeter | Security policy | Security software | Security testing | security/transaction risk | Segregation/separation of duties | Sequence check | Sequential file | Service bureau | Service level agreement (SLA) | Service provider | Service user | Shell | Signatures | Simple fail-over | Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) | Single point of failure | Smart card | SMTP (Simple Mail Transport Protocol) | Sniff | Sniffing | Software | Source code | Source code compare programs | Source documents | Source lines of code (SLOC) | Spanning port | Split data systems | Split DNS | Spoofing | Spool (simultaneous peripheral operations online) | Standing data | Star topology | Static analysis | Statistical sampling | strategic risk | Structured programming | Structured Query Language (SQL) | Subject matter | Substantive testing | Sufficient audit evidence | Surge suppressor | SWIFT | Switch | Symmetric key encryption | SYN (synchronize) | Synchronous transmission | System exit | System flowcharts | System narratives | System software | System testing | Systems acquisition process | Systems analysis | Systems development life cycle (SDLC) | Table look-ups | TACACS+ | Tape management system (TMS) | Taps | TCP (transmission control protocol) | TCP/IP protocol | Tcpdump | technical infrastructure security | Telecommunications | Teleprocessing | Telnet | Terminal | Terms of reference | Test data | Test generators | Test programs | Third-party review | Threat | Token | Token ring topology | Top-level management | Topology | Transaction | Transaction log | Transaction protection | Trap door | Trojan horse | Trust | Trusted processes | Trusted systems | Tuple | Twisted pairs | UDP (User Datagram Protocol) | Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) | Unit testing | Universal Description, Discovery and Integration | UNIX | Uploading | Useful audit evidence | Utility programs | Utility software | Vaccine | Validity check | Value-added network (VAN) | Variable sampling | Verification | virtual organizations | Virtual private network (VPN) | Virus | Voice mail | Vulnerabilities | vulnerability | Vulnerability analysis | War dialler | Warm-site | waterfall development | web page | Web Services Description Language (WSDL) | web site | Whitebox testing | Wide area network (WAN) | Windows NT | Wiretapping | world wide web (WWW) | World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) | Worm | X.25 | X.25 interface | X.500


isoc
Languages on the Internet

(E?)(L?) http://www.isoc.org/inet96/proceedings/a5/a5_3.htm


isoc
Study of language distribution on the internet

(E?)(L?) http://www.isoc.org:8030/palmares.en.html


It from Bit (W3)

Der Slogan "It from Bit" stammt von dem Physiker John Wheeler von der Princeton-Universität. Damit wollte er zum Ausdruck bringen, dass physikalisches Sein und Informationsgehalt untrennbar miteinander verbunden sind.

iwebtool
Computer Glossary

(E?)(L1) http://www.iwebtool.com/computer_glossary/
05.08.2006:


An easy to use glossary of computer and Internet terms with definitions that are easy to understand. Terms and definitions relating to computer, technology, Internet resources and much more.




J

Java (W3)
Programmiersprache

Der Name der Programmiersprache "Java" geht zunächst zurück auf amerik. "Java" = dt. "Kaffee", eine Bezeichnung, die insbesondere bei amerikanischen Programmierern verbreitet war. Diese Bezeichnung ist ihrerseits eine Kurzform für "Kaffee aus Java". Und "Java" schließlich ist eine indonesische Insel, die kleinste Insel der Großen Sundainseln.

Die Programmiersprache "Java" wurde von der Firma Sun entwickelt und erstmals am 23. Mai 1995 als neue, objekt-orientierte, einfache und plattformunabhängige Programmiersprache vorgestellt.

Aber auch Programmiersprachen haben ihren Stammbaum. So geht die Programmiersprache "Java" auf die Sprache "Oak" zurück, die 1991 von Bill Joy, James Gosling und Mike Sheridan im Green-Projekt entwickelt wurde. Ziel war es, eine einfache und plattformunabhängige Programmiersprache zu schaffen, mit der nicht nur normale Computer wie Unix-Workstations, PCs und Apple-Computer programmiert werden können, sondern auch die in Haushalts- oder Industriegeräten eingebauten Micro-Computer, wie z.B. in Waschmaschinen und Videorekordern, Autos und Verkehrsampeln, Kreditkarten und Sicherheitssystemen und vor allem auch in TV-Settop-Boxes für "intelligente" Fernsehapparate.

Allgemein anerkannt wurde Java aber erst seit 1996 in Verbindung mit Web-Browsern und Internet-Anwendungen sowie mit der Idee eines "NC" ("Network Computer"), der im Gegensatz zum "PC" ("Personal Computer") nicht lokal installierte, maschinenspezifische Software-Programme benötigt, sondern die Software in Form von Java-Klassen dynamisch über das Netz (Intranet) von einem zentralen Server laden kann. Diese Idee wurde später zu einem allgemeinen "Application Service Providing" ("ASP") erweitert.

Bei Java-Programmen muss zwischen zwei grundsätzlichen Arten unterschieden werden:

(E?)(L?) http://www.abkuerzungen.de/result.php?searchterm=java&language=de&style=standard
Als Verballhornung findet man auch die Abkürzung "java" = engl. "just another vague acronym".

(E?)(L?) http://www.hoooliday.com/tipps-info/kaffee/kaffee-lexikon-a.php

...
Ankola-Kaffee - "Java" - Indonesien - Kaffeeanbau in Asien
Kaffee wird im ganzen Inselstaat angebaut und "Java" steht für einen der grossen Namen des Kaffees. "Java" produziert einen aromatischen, säurearmen Kaffee, der von Natur aus mild und ausgewogen im Geschmack ist. Er ist etwas säurebetonter als Sumatra- oder Sulawesi-Kaffee und würziger im Geschmack. Die besten Plantagen sind Blawin, Jambit, Kayumas und Pankur. "Mokka Java" ist eine Mischung aus Java und jemenitischem Mokka.
...
Der erste systematische Kaffee-Anbau der Sorte Arabica wurde im 15. Jahrhundert in Terrassengärten im Südjemen betrieben. Ab Mitte des 17. Jahrhunderts wurde die Monopolstellung der Araber beim Kaffee-Anbau durchbrochen und der Arabica-Kaffee verbreitete sich nach und nach über Sri Lanka, "Java" und Südamerika weltweit.
...
1620 gründeten die Holländer ihre Plantagen in "JAVA"
...


(E?)(L?) http://www-306.ibm.com/software/globalization/terminology/index.jsp
Java | Java 2 Connector security | Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition (J2EE) | Java 2 Platform Standard Edition (J2SE) | Java 2 Software Development Kit Standard Edition (J2SDK, Standard Edition) | Java API for XML (JAX) | Java API for XML-based RPC (JAX-RPC) | Java archive (JAR) | Java Authentication and Authorization Service ( JAAS JAAS) | Java bean | Java class | Java client application | Java Command Language (Jacl) | Java connector development kit (JCDK) | Java Cryptography Extension (JCE) | Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) | Java Developer Connection (JDC) | Java Development Kit (JDK) | Java file | Java interpreter | Java Message Service (JMS) | Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) | Java Native Interface (JNI) | Java platform | Java Profiling Agent | Java project | Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI) | Java Runtime Environment (JRE) | Java run-time environment (JRE) | Java Secure Socket Extension (JSSE) | Java transformer | Java virtual machine (JVM) | Java Virtual Machine Profiler Interface (JVMPI) | Java wrapper | JavaBeans | Javadoc | JavaGateway | JavaMail API | JavaScript | JavaServer Pages (JSP)

(E?)(L1) http://www.iwebtool.com/computer_glossary/


(E?)(L?) http://www.javacafe.at/start.htm

"Java Café" ist eine Mischung aus besten Arabica Rohkaffeesorten. Die sorgsam gerösteten, handverlesenen Arabica Bohnen erhalten in unserer Gourmet-Rösterei eine unverkennbare Note - exklusiv, edel und voll im Geschmack.

Kaffee ist mehr als ein Getränk - Kaffee bedeutet Genuss, Entspannung, Inspiration. Eine gehobene Gastronomie legt Wert auf Kaffee der Spitzenklasse. Als erfahrene Betreuer der Gastronomie haben wir uns eingehend mit den Wünschen echter Kaffeegenießer befasst. Das Ergebnis heisst "Java Café" - rein und ursprünglich wie das Paradies.


(E?)(L?) http://www.kaffeezentrale.de/d/anbau/detail.cfm?ID=518A0855-2C59-4ADB-B7005A7471CF5BD1

Indonesien
Kaffee wird im ganzen Inselstaat angebaut und "Java" steht für einen der grossen Namen des Kaffees. "Java" produziert einen aromatischen, säurearmen Kaffee, der von Natur aus mild und ausgewogen im Geschmack ist. Er ist etwas säurebetonter als Sumatra- oder Sulawesi-Kaffee und würziger im Geschmack. Die besten Plantagen sind Blawin, Jambit, Kayumas und Pankur. "Mokka Java" ist eine Mischung aus Java und jemenitischem Mokka.
...


(E?)(L?) http://java.seite.net/
ist eine Programmiersprache, die 1991 von drei Mitarbeitern der Firma SUN (Patrick Naughton, Mike Sheridan, James Gosling) für ein Handheld entwickelt wurde. Die Software zur interaktiven Steuerung elektronischer Geräte hieß ursprünglich "Oak" = ("Eiche"), nach dem Baum vor dem Fenster der Programmierer.
Aus patentrechtlichen Gründen musste 1995 ein neuer Name gesucht werden. In einer Abstimmung stehen zur Auswahl "JAVA" nach dem Haustrunk "Peet's Java-Kaffee", "Silk" und "DNA". "Java" steht in den USA umgangssprachlich auch generell für Kaffee. (Ähnlich wie Uhu oder Patex auch generell für Klebstoff benutzt wird.)
Quelle: com!online 07/2002

seite - Kaffee & Kuchen - die führende deutsche Java-Seite von Christoph Bergmann und Hannes Gamperl

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpJ,00.html
Java | Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition | Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition | Java archive file | Java Authentication and Authorization Service | Java Card | Java chip | Java Cryptography Extension | Java Data Objects | Java Database Connectivity | Java Development Kit | Java Foundation Classes | Java Management Extensions | Java Message Service | Java Messaging Service | Java Naming and Directory Interface | Java Online Analytical Processing | Java Ring | Java Runtime | Java Runtime Environment | Java Script | Java Server Page | Java Speech API Markup Language | Java Telephony Application Programming Interface | Java virtual machine | Javabean | JavaBeans | JavaScript | JavaScript: Learning Guide | Personal Java | PersonalJava

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/file-extension-list-A/0,289933,sid9,00.html


(E?)(L?) http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabica-Kaffee

Nach der indonesischen Insel "Java" wird Arabica-Kaffee auch "Java-Bohne" genannt.


Erstellt: 2010-08

K

L

Listserv

(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/M/mailing_list_server.html
An automatic mailing list server developed by Eric Thomas for BITNET in 1986. When e-mail is addressed to a LISTSERV mailing list, it is automatically broadcast to everyone on the list. The result is similar to a newsgroup or forum, except that the messages are transmitted as e-mail and are therefore available only to individuals on the list.
LISTSERV is currently a commercial product marketed by L-Soft International. Although LISTSERV refers to a specific mailing list server, the term is sometimes used incorrectly to refer to any mailing list server. Another popular mailing list server is Majordomo, which is freeware.

M

Mainframe (W3)

(E?)(L1) http://www.vikingwaters.com/htmlpages/mainframe.htm
(E?)(L1) http://www-1.ibm.com/ibm/history/reference/glossary_m.html
Mainframe Definition
Mainframe is an industry term for a large computer, typically manufactured by a large company such as IBM or Cray for the commercial applications of Fortune 1000 businesses and other large-scale computing purposes such as global weather forecasting and scientific research.
Historically, a mainframe is associated with centralized rather than distributed computing. Today, IBM refers to its larger processors as "large servers" and emphasizes that they can be used to serve distributed users and smaller servers (often mid-frames or microprocessor machines) in a computing network.
Modern desktop machines have far more power than early mainframes. However, the mainframe manufacturers have kept pace to produce machines that do jobs their smaller brethren could never accomplish. Mainframes still house 90% of the data major businesses rely on for mission-critical applications. This is because mainframes have superior performance, reliability, scalability, and security compared to microprocessors.

mainframe: n. A computer, usually in a computer center, with extensive capabilities and resources to which other computers may be connected so that they can share facilities. Originally referred to the central processing unit of a large computer, which occupied the largest or central frame (rack).

Malware

(E?)(L?) http://www.malware.org/malware.htm
ist keine Mal-Software, sondern eine Software mit bösen Absichten
Short for malicious software. Software designed specifically to damage or disrupt a system, such as a virus or a Trojan Horse.
(vgl.auch: frz. "mal" = "Schlechtes", "Böses", "Unheil", "Schaden"

Microchip Graffiti (W3)

Der "Microchip Graffiti" ist eine kleine graphische Spielerei der Entwickler indem sie Microchips verzieren.

(E?)(L?) http://www.netlingo.com/inframes.cfm


Erstellt: 2010-04

Moore's Law, Moores Gesetz (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://news.com.com/FAQ+Forty+years+of+Moores+Law/2100-1006_3-5647824.html?=tag=3Dnl
(E?)(L?) http://www.computerwoche.de/index.cfm?pageid=254&artid=55740
(E?)(L?) http://beat.doebe.li/
(E?)(L1) http://www.glossar.de/
(E?)(L?) http://www.golem.de/0504/37475.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.heise.de/newsticker/data/jk-11.02.03-000/
(E?)(L?) http://www.intel.com/pressroom/kits/bios/moore.htm
(E?)(L?) http://www.intel.com/research/silicon/mooreslaw.htm
Includes Moore's original paper, a comparison of transistors on Intel processors from 1971 through 2003, and related material.
(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/
(E?)(L?) http://www.owad.de/
Moore's Law (2000-02-08)
(E3)(L1) http://www.webopedia.internet.com/TERM/M/Moores_Law.html
(E3)(L1) http://www.webopedia.com/quick_ref/bios/m.asp
(E?)(L?) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore's_Law
(E?)(L?) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Moore
"Moore's Law" trägt den Namen von "Gordon Moore", einem der Gründer von INTEL. Am 19.April 1965 prognostizierte er in einem Artikel, daß sich die Vielzahl der Transistoren auf einem Chip etwa alle zwei Jahre verdoppelt.
Bisher liegt er mit seiner Vorhersage ganz gut: waren es 1976 2.300 Transistoren auf 12mm**2 so waren es 2005 592Mio. auf 432mm**2.

Moores Gesetz besagt dass sich die Packdichte der Transistoren auf einem Mikroprozessor - und damit die Leistung gemessen in MIPS - alle 18 Monate verdoppelt.
Gordon "Moore" war ein Mitbegründer von Intel, der diese These aufstellte.

Moore is widely known for "Moore's Law," in which he predicted that the number of transistors the industry would be able to place on a computer chip would double every couple of years. In 1995, he updated his prediction to once every two years. While originally intended as a rule of thumb in 1965, it has become the guiding principle for the industry to deliver ever-more-powerful semiconductor chips at proportionate decreases in cost.


Moore's Law soll noch 20 Jahre Gültigkeit behalten ... - ... meint zumindest Gordon Moore selbst
Vor 40 Jahren formulierte Intel-Mitbegründer "Gordon Moore" seine als "Moore's Law" bekannt gewordene Theorie, nach der sich die Zahl der Transistoren auf einem Halbleiter alle 18 Monate verdoppeln lässt. Nun bekräftigte Moore diese Aussage im Rahmen einer Telefonkonferenz.


MUD (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.apocalypse.org/pub/u/lpb/muddex/mudline.html
Eine kleine Wortgeschichte zu "MUD" findet sich in "Language and the Internet" von David Crystal, Cambridge. Ich versuche die Ausführungen möglichst sinngemäss zusammenzufassen.

"MUD" entstand zunächst als Acronym aus "Multi-User Dingeon" einem der ersten führenden Fantasy-Rollenspiele in den 1970er Jahren, die durchaus heute noch gespielt werden (Dungeons and Dragons (TM)). "MUD" hat dann teilweise seine Rolle als Abkürzung verloren und wurde bzw. wird auch als "Mud" oder "muds" in Wortkombinationen benutzt.
Heute wird "MUD" oft auch mit "Multi-User Dimension" widergegeben, um von dem Image als Monsterspiele weg zu kommen.
Aus der Abkürzung "MUD" entstanden dann Derivate wie "LPMUD" für "MUDs", die mit LPC, einer bestimmten Programmiersprache, geschrieben wurden (auch interessant: entwickelt vom schwedischen Wissenschaftler "Lars Pensjö"). Daneben gab es "DikuMUD" ("Datalogistik Institute Kobenhavns Universitet") oder "TinyMUD" wegen seines geringeren Programmieraufwandes auf Grund anderer Techniken.

Interessant ist, dass sich daraus dann (sprach-)spielerische Ableitungen wie "MUCK" und "MUSH" gebildet haben, die erst im Nachhinein mit z.B. "Multi-User Shared Hallucination" interpretiert wurden.

David Crystal führt noch einige weiter Ableitungen auf die mittlerweile mit "MU*" zusammengefasst werden. (Der "*" steht hier für beliebige Buchstabenerweiterungen.) Ein Beispiel ist auch die Acronym-Hierarchie "MOO" = "MUD Object Orientated", woraus sich wieder viele Ableitungen gebildet haben.

Viele weiter Informationen und Links findet man unter http://www.apocalypse.org/pub/u/lpb/muddex/

MVS
Multiple Virtual Storage (W3)

(E?)(L1) http://search390.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid10_gci212618,00.html
"MVS" = "Multiple Virtual Storage" is the operating system from IBM that is installed on most of its mainframe and large server computers. "MVS" has been said to be the operating system that keeps the world going. The payroll, accounts receivable, transaction processing, database management, and other programs critical to the world's largest businesses are usually run on an MVS system. Although MVS tends to be associated with a monolithic, centrally-controlled information system, IBM has in recent years repositioned it as a "large server" in a network-oriented distributed environment, using a 3-tier application model.
...

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpM,00.html
MVS

mudconnect
History of MUDs

(E?)(L?) http://www.mudconnect.com/mud_intro.html


N

nanoacre (W3)

Engl. "nanoacre" = dt. "Mini-Acker", setzt sich zusammen aus griech. "nãnos" = dt. "Zwerg" und engl. "Acre" = 4047 qm. Es wird im Jargon der Informatiker jedoch im übertragenen Sinn verwendet.

(E?)(L?) http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/go01.html
(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/n/nanoacre.html

"nanoacre": A unit (about 2 mm square) of real estate on a VLSI chip. The term gets its giggle value from the fact that VLSI nanoacres have costs in the same range as real acres once one figures in design and fabrication-setup costs.


Erstellt: 2010-11

NanoBoard (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/N/NanoBoard.html

...
"NanoBoard" is a registered trademark of Altium Limited.
...


Erstellt: 2010-11

nanocomputer (W3)

Engl. "nanocomputer" = dt. "Mini-Computer", setzt sich zusammen aus griech. "nãnos" = dt. "Zwerg" und engl. "computer" für "Rechner".

(E?)(L?) http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/go01.html
(E6)(L?) http://www.homecomputermuseum.de/comp/333_de.htm
SGS-ATES - Modell: Nanocomputer Training System NBZ80-S, ab 1979

(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/t/TheJargonLexicon.html
(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpN,00.html
(E?)(L1) http://www.webopedia.com/Computer_Science/Pervasive_Computing
(E?)(L1) http://www.webopedia.com/Computer_Science/Nanotechnology


Erstellt: 2010-11

Nanolithography (W3)

Engl. "Nanolithography", setzt sich zusammen aus griech. "nãnos" = dt. "Zwerg", griech. "líthos" = dt. "Stein", "Felsen" und griech. "gráphein" = dt. "kerben", "ritzen", "schreiben". Die "Nanolithography" kommt bei der Herstellung von Nanocomputern zum Einsatz.

(E?)(L?) http://www.nanoproducts.de/index.php?mp=info&file=nanotechnologieglossar
Dip Pen Nanolithography

(E?)(L?) http://www.oqlf.gouv.qc.ca/ressources/bibliotheque/dictionnaires/terminologie_nanotechnologie/anglais.html
dip pen nanolithography | nanolithography

(E?)(L?) http://www.techportal.de/de/26/2/lexikon,public,lexilist,0/
Dip Pen Nanolithography (DPN)

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpN,00.html
(E?)(L?) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci515046,00.html
(E?)(L1) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/N/nanolithography.html


Erstellt: 2010-11

Nerd (W3)

Die Bezeichnung "Nerd" könnte auf eine Zeile in dem Buch "If I Ran the Zoo" (1950), von Dr. Seuss zurückgehen. Dort heißt es: "And then, just to show them, I'll sail to Ka-Troo / And Bring Back an It-Kutch, a Preep and a Proo, / A Nerkle, a Nerd, and a Seersucker, too!". Um 1970 scheint es dann in die Welt ausgebrochen zu sein. Während es Mitte der 1960er jahre noch die Bedeutung "annoying misfit", dt. "lästiger Außenseiter", erhielt es später eine positive Wendung hin zu einem "Intelligenzbolzen", allerdings mit dem Beigeschmack (Konnotation) "Fachidiot".

(E?)(L?) http://www.insecure.org/stf/hackenc.txt

...
"NERD" - Derogatory term for a "computer geek"; has been adopted as a badge of honor for some. Reminds that no matter how cool the stuff we do with computers is, we're still geeks, so get over it.

[I just looked up the etymology of the word "nerd" in the dictionary, and my main conclusion was that etymologists must have a lot of spare time on their hands, because apparently there's this huge controversy over where this word came from, and the earliest reference is in a Dr. Seuss book, and then it became a slang term in the 1950s, and some people say it's a coincidence and others say there's some complicated relation, and all I can say is that it's just not that important, but these etymologists have enough time to learn UNIX security, and if they'd just read some books on TCP/IP, they could probably be really good hackers. Suggestion - if any evil foreign governments out there want to hire some people to train to be hackers, get etymologists. They have tolerance for the tremendously boring. That is all. End rant.]
...


(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/n/nerd.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.pbs.org/opb/nerds2.0.1/
PBS's Nerds 2.0.1 - A follow-up to the original

NERO burning ROM (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.nero.com/de/recorder.htm
Der Name des CD-ROM-Brennprogramm spielt an auf den römischen Kaiser "Nero", der (vermutlich) "Rom" in Brand setzen liess, um Platz für neue Prachtbauten zu schaffen.

Auf der angegebenen Seite findet man Informationen über die von der aktuellen InCD Version unterstützen CD-Brenner.

Netiquette, Netikette, Etikette

(E?)(L?) http://www.albion.com/netiquette
(E?)(L?) ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1855.txt
(E?)(L?) http://www.chemie.fu-berlin.de/outerspace/netnews/netiquette.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.faqs.org/
(E?)(L?) http://www.ping.at/guides/netmayer/
Ein typischer Begriff der Cyberlanguage ist "Netiquette" als wortspielerische Bildung aus "Net" und "Etiquette", "the do's and don'ts of online communication".

"Netikette" setzt sich zusammen aus "Net" = "Netz", "Internet" und "Etikette".

Die "Etikette", die "festgelegten Umgangsformen" haben die gleiche Quelle wie "das Etikett" zur "Preisauszeichnung". Die Umgangsformen am französischen Hof waren auf Handzetteln schriftlich festgelegt. Und so übertrug sich die Bezeichnung für "die an einem Pfahl festgesteckte Markierung" auf die dort festgelegten Anstandsregeln.

Hiermit steht auch das frz. "estiquer" = "feststecken" und eben auch das dt. "stecken" in Zusammenhang. Auch engl. "sticker", das nicht nur "Aufklebezettel" sondern auch "Schlachter", "Dorn" und "Stachel" bedeuten kann, gehört zu dieser Wortgruppe.

Die "Netiquette Guidelines" werden in einem RFC beschrieben:
This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

NT

hat seinen Ursprung in VMS. Eine Entwicklungstruppe bei DEC machte den Versuch, das VMS-Betriebssystem für den PC umzuschreiben. DEC stoppte das Projekt und Microsoft übernahm die Entwicklertruppe. WINDOWS/NT war geboren. (googeln: "vms dec nt")

O

P

PC - Personal Computer (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/personal_computer


patch pumpkin, pumpkin holder, pumpking (W3)

Der Ausdruck entstand in der Perl Entwicklergemeinschaft. Er geht zurück auf einen Plüsch-Kürbis, der einmal in einer Entwicklerrunde umging und an den gewisse Zugriffsrechte geknüpft waren. Derjenige, der gerade im Besitz des "patch pumpkin" ist, ist der "pumpkin holder".

Der Inhaber des "patch pumpkin" wird auch "pumpking" genannt.

(E?)(L?) http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/P/patch-pumpkin.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/P/pumpkin-holder.html
(E?)(L?) http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/P/pumpking.html
(E?)(L?) http://jargonf.org/wiki/pumpking


PQI (W3)

"PQI" steht für "Drive image file (PowerQuest)".

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/file-extension-list-A/0,289933,sid9,00.html
(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/file-extension/PQI-FileFormat.html


Erstellt: 2010-02

prompt (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://webopedia.com/TERM/p/prompt.html
Ein "Prompt" ist eine Meldung des Computers, die anzeigt, dass eine Usereingabe notwendig ist. Man kann auch öfters hören, dass jemand "gepromptet" wurde, im Sinne von "aufgefordert werden".

Das Wort gibt es auch als frz. "prompt" = "schnell" und ist wahrscheinlich von dort nach Deutschland und England gewandert. Es lässt sich weiter zurückverfolgen bis zu lat. "promptus" = "bereit" und lat. "promere" = "hervorholen".

Q

R

raster blaster (W3)

Der "Ghetto Blaster", der anscheinend mit Bezug auf viele seiner Besitzer auch "Rasta Blasta" (für "Rastafari Blaster") genannt wird. Und in der Informatik handelt es sich - soweit ich es verstehen konnte - anscheinend um einen Chip, der speziell bei der Verarbeitung von Bildern eingesetzt wird (vgl. das aus Druckverfahren und Fotografie stammende "Bild-Raster").

(E?)(L?) http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/go01.html
(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/r/rasterblaster.html

"raster blaster" /n./ [Cambridge] Specialized hardware for bitblt operations (a blitter). Allegedly inspired by "Rasta Blasta", British slang for the sort of portable stereo Americans call a "boom box" or "ghetto blaster".


Erstellt: 2010-09

ROM (W3)

"ROM" steht für "Read Only Memory".

(E?)(L?) http://www-306.ibm.com/software/globalization/terminology/index.jsp
CD-ROM (compact disc-read-only memory) | read-only memory (ROM) | ROM

(E?)(L1) http://www.iwebtool.com/computer_glossary/
CD-ROM | ROM

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpC,00.html
CD-ROM | CD-ROM XA | CDROM | electrically erasable programmable ROM | EEPROM | EPROM | HD-ROM | PROM | ROM

(E6)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/fileFormatA/0,289933,sid9,00.html
ROM

(E?)(L?) http://www.wasistwas.de/
Für was steht die Abkürzung ROM?

S

scientificamerican

(E?)(L?) http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?articleID=00048144-10D2-1C70-84A9809EC588EF21&catID=2
Ein Artikel von Tim Barnes-Lee über das semantische Web;

setgamma.exe (W3)

(E6)(L?) http://www.tasklist.org/task_setgamma_exe_1167.html
Die Bezeichnung dieser ausführbaren Datei als "setgamma.exe" beruht auf ihrer Anwendung im Bereich der graphischen Darstellung.


Part of the RadeonTweaker program for adjusting ATI Radeon graphics cards. Allows you to adjust the gamma (or brightness) when playing a full-screen game without switching back to the desktop


shortcut, short cut (W3)

Ein "shortcut" ist allgemein eine "Abkürzung", wörtlich "kurzer Schnitt".

In der Computerwelt bezeichnet "Shortcut" oder "short cut" Tastenkombinationen, um bestimmte Funktionen auf schnellem Weg (auch ohne Maus/Mouse) aufzurufen.

ETYMOLOGY: From "cut" = "direct route".

(E?)(L?) http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=short+cut&searchmode=none

...
"Short cut" is from 1568.
...


(E?)(L?) http://www.eulanda.de/inside/bedienerhandbuch/anhang/shortcuts/Default.htm
Das besondere an dieser Seite ist, dass man die Bezeichnungen für die "Kurzwahltasten" in mehreren Sprachen angegeben sind.


Die Warenwirtschaft EULANDA® unterstützt zur direkten Ansteuerung von Funktionen "Kurztasten" (= "Shortcuts"). Diese Tastenbezeichnungen sind in den verschiedenen Sprachen und Ländern unterschiedlich bezeichnet. Diese Tabelle listet die Kurztasten für die unterstützten Sprachen auf.

ENGLISH | CHINESE GB | DUTCH | FRENCH | GERMAN
...


(E?)(L?) http://www-306.ibm.com/software/globalization/terminology/index.jsp
keyboard shortcut | shortcut bar | shortcut key

(E?)(L?) http://dictionary.reference.com/
(E?)(L?) http://www1.seslisozluk.com/?word=short cut

2. A "short cut" is a quicker way of getting somewhere than the usual route.


(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci1076600,00.html

keyboard shortcut
A "keyboard shortcut" is a combination of keys that, when pressed simultaneously, perform some task that ordinarily requires use of a mouse or other input device and may take longer to do. In Windows XP, for example, pressing "Control-Alt-Delete" will bring up the task manager utility for application and system monitoring and control. Other popular keyboard shortcuts include "Control-C" (copy), "Control-P" (print), "Control-V" (paste), "Control-X" (cut), and "Control-Z" (undo).


(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci212981,00.html

shortcut
In general, a "shortcut" is a path that is shorter than the usual or formal path to something or a method of operation that saves time over the regular operation. In Windows 95 and later operating systems, a "shortcut" is a computer desktop icon that enables a user to easily see and select a particular program or data object. The operating system comes with some shortcuts already visible on the desktop. A user can remove these or add new ones.

To create a shortcut in Windows 95 or 98, click on My Computer, then click on your "C" drive (or other drive where your files may be). Find the folder or file that you want to put on your desktop, click on it with the right mouse button, and select Create Shortcut from the pop-up menu. A new icon will now appear in My Computer. Hold the left mouse button down and drag the new icon to your desktop (you may need to minimize the My Computer window to do this). Now your new file or program will always be visible for quick selection on your desktop without having to go through Start menus or the Windows file manager.

In the Macintosh operating system, a shortcut is called an "alias".


(E?)(L?) http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortcut


Software (W3)

(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/software.html


SPOF - single point of failure (W3)

a generic phrase for any component of a system that upon failure will cause a malfunction in the entire system. A SPOF can be a hardware or electrical component or a software component.

SPOOL, spool file, Drucker-Spooling, Spooler, Spooling (W3)

(E?)(L1) http://www.anglizismenindex.de/
(E?)(L1) http://www.archmatik.de/
(E1)(L1) http://www.etymonline.com/s10etym.htm
(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/s/spool.html
(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/s/spoolfile.html
In der Datenverarbeitung wird oftmals von einem "Spool" gesprochen. Dies ist ein Zwischenspeicher z.B. in Magnetplattenspeichern. Lange Zeit dachte ich es handelt sich dabei um eine Wort "spool" = dt. "Spule". Da ja in früheren Zeiten Speicher in Form von Magnetspulen realisiert wurden. Dann entdeckte ich jedoch irgendwann, dass es eine Abkürzung ist und für "Serial Peripheral Operations OnLine" = "serielle Online-Ein-/Ausgabe-Operationen" steht.
Allerdings ist nicht auszuschliessen, dass dieses Kunstwort bewusst in Anspielung auf diese Historie gebildet wurde.

Aus dieser zum Wort gewordenen Abkürzung sind dann natürlich weitere Ableitungen gebildet worden. Das Verb engl. "spool" = dt. "spoolen" und engl. "spooling" und "Spooler".

In der Anglizismenliste des VDS wird "spool" mit "Warteschlange" übersetzt.

Als "Spooling" bezeichnet man die Technik, die Daten zwischenspeichert. Beispiel: In einem UUCP-Netz geschieht die Übertragung der Aufträge bzw. Files meistens asynchron, d. h. die Files müssen zwischengespeichert werden. (siehe auch Drucker-Spooling)

SQL - structured query language

(E?)(L?) http://www.webopedia.com/
SQL is a standardized query language for requesting information from a database. The original version called SEQUEL (structured English query language) was designed by an IBM research center in 1974 and 1975. SQL was first introduced as a commercial database system in 1979 by Oracle Corporation.
Historically, SQL has been the favorite query language for database management systems running on minicomputers and mainframes. Increasingly, however, SQL is being supported by PC database systems because it supports distributed databases (databases that are spread out over several computer systems). This enables several users on a local-area network to access the same database simultaneously.
Although there are different dialects of SQL, it is nevertheless the closest thing to a standard query language that currently exists. In 1986, ANSI approved a rudimentary version of SQL as the official standard, but most versions of SQL since then have included many extensions to the ANSI standard. In 1991, ANSI updated the standard. The new standard is known as SAG SQL.

stuhenderson
MVS-Themen

(E?)(L?) http://www.stuhenderson.com/XMVSTRND.HTM
Since the 1960's, IBM's "MVS" operating system, or some version of it, has been the predominant system software for IBM's family of mainframe computers. MVS has been the environment for which the best-known and most widely used security products have been developed, and it has influenced our thinking about security for all computer systems. But MVS security is not a static concept; it is a moving target on which security product vendors and infosecurity professionals must keep focused. Data security officers need to understand the history of MVS security, and they should be aware of the recent developments.
Weitere Abkürzungen, die in diesem Dokument vorkommen:

Hier findet man auch einen Abschnitt: "MVS History: Security Through Hardware".

T

tecchannel
Codenamen im Ueberblick

(E?)(L1) http://www.tecchannel.de/server/prozessoren/402091/entschluesselt_codenamen_im_ueberblick/

Ob Intel, ATI oder Microsoft, alle geben zukünftigen Produkten während der Entwicklung erst einmal einen Codenamen. Wir zeigen, wer und was hinter den teils merkwürdigen Namen steckt.
VON MIKE HARTMANN UND CHRISTIAN VILSBECK
Ob klangvolle Bezeichnungen wie "Montecito", biblische Namen wie "Isaiah" oder schlichte Modellnummern wie "R423", jeder Hersteller hat seine eigenen Vorlieben, mit denen er seine Produkte während der Entwicklungsphase belegt. Manchmal darf der Chefentwickler seiner Lieblingskneipe zu Ruhm und Ehre verhelfen, manchmal wird einfach nur lieblos durchnummeriert.
Doch während der Hersteller seine eigenen Codenamen leicht im Griff behält, verliert ein Außenstehender schnell den Überblick. Daher haben wir auf den folgenden Seiten die wichtigsten Codenamen zusammengestellt. Sortiert nach Gattungen und Herstellern finden Sie die technischen Spezifikationen und die geplanten Erscheinungstermine der zugehörigen Produkte. Wo es sinnvoll ist, bieten wir Ihnen auch Links zu weiter führenden Beiträgen.


Auf den darauf folgenden Seiten findet man einige allgemeine Hinweise zur Namensgebung der einzelnen Firmen und die Codenamen (22.11.2004):

techtarget
Computing-Dictionary
Internet-Dictionary
IT-Definitions
IT Encyclopedia
Informatik-Lexikon
IT-Lexikon
Etymologie-Suche
Etymology-Search

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Definitions for thousands of the most current IT-related words. - englisch, Software, Hardware
Was ist z.B. ein "patch"?

In der riesigen "WhatIs"-Liste von Techtarget muß man zwar lange suchen, aber zu einigen Begriffen aus der Internet- und Computer-Szene kann man hier auch Wortgeschichten finden.
Man findet hier neben der umfangreichen Enzyklopädie mit Begriffen aus der Informationstechnik auch "Guides and Tutorials" über verschiedenen Themengebiete (mit jeweils mehreren Beiträgen), wie etwa:


IT-specific encyclopedia, definitions for thousands of the most current IT-related words, plus fast references: every file format in the world, chat acronyms, plus, plus ...
Definitions for thousands of the most current IT-related words.


(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci532335,00.html
Backup and Recovery | Business Intelligence | Compliance | Computing Fundamentals | CRM | Data Management | Databases | Electronics | Hardware | Internet | iSeries | Learning and Careers | Messaging and E-Mail | Multimedia & Graphics | Networking | Open Source | Operating Systems | Oracle | Personal Computing | Programming | SAP | Security | Storage | Virtualization | Voice over IP (VoIP) | Wireless & Mobile

Die Begriffs-Definitionen in der IT-Enzyklopädie enthallten oftmals auch Erklärungen zum Hintergrund der Begriffsbildung oder zumindest Erklärungen zu vielen Akronymen der IT-Welt. Und wenn beides nicht zutrifft, so handelt es sich doch immerhin noch um eine grosse Sammlung von Neologismen die im Zusammenhang mit Computerei und Internet in den letzten 30 Jahren das Licht der IT-Welt erblickt haben.

In der Enzyklopädie waren am 27.04.2007 folgende Begriffe zu finden:

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpA,00.html
Alphabetical: A - 500 terms

A Programming Language | A+ | A-Law | A-Plus | A-weighted decibels | A.I. | a2b | AA | AAA | AAA server | AARP | AAUI | abacus | abampere | abandonware | ABAP | ABAP Objects | ABAP Workbench | ABBH | ABCD | ABCD data switch | abcoulomb | abend | abfarad | abhenry | abohm | absiemens | absolute truth | absolute value | Abstract Syntax Notation One | Abstract Window Toolkit | abstraction | abvolt | abwatt | AC | AC-3 | Accelerated Graphics Port | Accelerated Hub Architecture | Accelerated SAP | AcceleratedASP | | accelerator | acceptable use policy | access | access control list | access log | access method | access point | access point mapping | access provider | access time | accessability | ACD | ACF2 | ACH | ACID | ACK | ACL | ACM | acoustic coupler | acoustic wave | ACPI | ACR | Acrobat | acronym | acronyms used in online chatting | Acrylic | ACT | ACTA | ActionScript | Active Directory | active matrix display | active network | Active Server Page | Active Template Library | ActiveX | ActiveX control | ActiveX Data Objects | ACTS | ad-hoc network | adapter | adaptive enterprise | adaptive organization | Adaptive Server Enterprise | adaptive software | adaptive technology | ADAT | ADC | add-in | add-on | address | Address Resolution Protocol | address sign | address space | addressable call endpoint | administrator code | Admiral admittance | ADO | ADPCM | ADSI | ADSL | ADSL Terminal Unit - Remote | ADSM | ADSTAR Distributed Storage Management | Advanced Backup: Storage University | Advanced Business Application Programming | Advanced Configuration and Power Interface | Advanced Encryption Standard | Advanced Function Printing | Advanced Intelligent Network | Advanced Mobile Phone Service | Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking | Advanced Planner and Optimizer | Advanced Program-to-Program Communication | Advanced Research Projects Agency | Advanced Research Projects Agency Network | Advanced Technology Attachment | Advanced Television | Advanced Television Enhancement Forum | Advanced Television Systems Committee | advertising terminology on the Internet | adware | AES | AES/EBU | AF | AFC | affective computing | AFIS | AFM | AFS | AGate | agent | aggregate | aggregator | agile applet | agile software development | aglet | AGP | Ah | AHA | AI | AIBO | AIFF | AIM | AIN | air interface | Airborne Internet | AIT | AIX | Ajax | Ajax quiz: Do you speak Geek? | Ajax: Learning Guide | akamaize | AKO | ALE | aleph | algebraic number | alias | aliasing | alien crosstalk | All our Information Kits | All our quizzes | All our Webcasts | All our Words-to-Go | Aloha | Alohanet | Alpha | alphameric | alphanumeric | Alphanumerish | alt. | Altair | alternate newsgroup | alternating current | ALU | AM | amateur radio | Amaya | Amazon EC2 | Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud | Amazon S3 | Amazon Simple Storage Service | ambient temperature | AMD | AMD-K6 | Amdahl's law | amelioration pattern | American National Standards Institute | American Radio Relay League | American Registry of Internet Numbers | American Wire Gauge | Amiga | amount of substance | amount of substance concentration | amp hour | ampere | ampere hour | ampere per meter | ampere per meter squared | amplification factor | amplifier | AMPS | AMR | AMR slot | AMTOR | AMU | anacronym | analog | analog computing | Analog Display Services Interface | analog telephone adapter | analytical CRM | Analytical Engine | analytics | Ananova | anchor | AND | Andrew | Andrew file system | android | angle symbol | angstrom | angstrom unit | angular degree | | ANI | animated GIF | anime | anisotropic filtering | Anna | Anna Kournikova virus | annoyware | anonymizer | anonymous e-mail | anonymous FTP | anonymous Web surfing | ANSI | Ant | antenna | anthropomorphism | anti-replay protocol | anti-spam cocktail | anti-spyware software | anti-virus software | antialiasing | antidisintermediation | antiferromagnetically-coupled media | Antigen | Antikythera mechanism | antimatter | antipattern | antivirus software | any key | anycast | AoE | AOP | AP | Apache | APAR | API | APL | APO | apogee | apparent power | APPC | Apple | Apple attachment unit interface | Apple Computer | AppleScript | Appleshare | applet | AppleTalk | AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol | appliance | appliance computing | Applicability Statement 1 | Applicability Statement 2 | applicant tracking system | application | application clustering | Application Compatibility Toolkit | Application development freeware and shareware guide | application firewall | application integration | Application layer | Application Link Enabling | application portability | application program | application program interface | application programming interface | application security | application server | application service provider | Application Service Provider Industry Consortium | application service virtualization | application virtualization | application-specific integrated circuit | approximate equality | apps-on-tap | apronym | aptent | arachniography | arachnotaxis | Archie | architecture | archival | archival data | archival storage | archive | archive of Web sites | ArchiveSink | archiving | ARCNET | area | area code | ARIN | arithmetic mean | arithmetic-logic unit | ARJ | ARM processor | Army Knowledge Online | ARP | ARQ | array | Array in a Manger: Do you speak Geek? | ARRL | artificial intellect | artificial intelligence | artificial passenger | artilect | AS | AS/400 | AS/400e | AS1 | AS2 | ASAP | ASE | ASHRAE | Asia Cellular Satellite System | ASIC | Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics | ASIO | ASN.1 | ASP | ASP .NET Ajax | ASP to ASP.NET Migration: Learning Guide | ASP+ | ASP.NET | aspect ratio | aspect-oriented programming | ASPI | ASPI driver | ASPIC | ASR | assembler | assembler language | assembly language | assistive software | assistive technology | assistive technology software | Association for Computing Machinery | ASSP | astronomical unit | astroturf marketing | astroturfing | ASUG | asymmetric | asymmetric communication | asymmetric communications | asymmetric cryptography | asynchronous | asynchronous groupware | Asynchronous JavaScript and XML | Asynchronous Pulsed Radiated Incident Light | asynchronous transfer mode | AT Attachment Packet Interface | at sign | ATA | ATA over Ethernet | ATAPI | ATE | Athlon | ATL | Atlas | ATM | atom | Atom (XML) | atomic | atomic clock | atomic data | atomic force microscopy | atomic mass unit | atomic memory | atomic storage | atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability | ATRN | ATS | ATSC | attachment unit interface | attack vector | attempt | attenuation | attenuation-to-crosstalk ratio | attosecond | attribute | ATU-R | ATV | ATX | AU | audible ring | audio | Audio Engineers Society/European Broadcasting Union | audio frequency | audio introduction | audio noise | audio production | audio spotlight | Audio Visual Interleaved file | Audio/Modem Riser | audio/video | audit trail | auditor | Augusta Ada King, countess of Lovelace | AUI | AUP | Austrumi | authenticate | authenticated e-mail | Authenticated TURN | authentication | authentication ticket | authentication, authorization, and accounting | authorization | authorized program analysis report | auto-provisioning | auto-storage provisioning | autoexec.bat | autofax | autoloader | autoloader | automagically | Automated Best Value System | Automated Clearing House | Automated Fingerprint Identification System | automated speech recognition | automated tape library | automated test equipment | Automatic Call Distributor | automatic callback | Automatic Coin Telephone System | automatic language translation | Automatic Number Identification | Automatic Private IP Addressing | automatic repeat request | automatic storage provisioning | automatic vehicle locator | autonomic computing | Autonomic Computing: Glossary | autonomous robot | autonomous system | autonomous transaction | AutoPlay | autoresponder | AutoRun | autotrunking | AV | availability | Avalon | avatar | average | average bouncing busy hour | average handle time | AVI file | Avogadro Constant | Avoid resume blunders | AWG | awk | AWT | AXT | azimuth and elevation

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpB,00.html
Alphabetical: B - 481 terms

B | B channel | B-channel | B-tree | B2B | B2C | B2E | B2G | B8ZS | Babbage | Baby Bluetooth | back door | Back Orifice | back-end | back-pressure sensor | backbone | backdoor | backhaul | backlink | backplane | backronym | backscatter | backscatter body scanning | backscatting | backside bus | backtracking | backup | Backup and recovery glossary | Backup and recovery: Do you speak geek? | Backup and recovery: Learning Guide | backup domain controller | backup on the Web | Backup School: Storage University | backup storage | backup with DAT USB | backward combatible | backward compatible | backward explicit congestion notification | backward mapping | BAL | balanced scorecard | balanced scorecard methodology | balloon for wireless | balun | BAM | band | bandpass filter | bandwidth | bandwidth test | banner | banner blindness | banner-blind | BAPI | BAPI: Learning Guide | bar | bar code | bar code reader | barcode | barcode data | barcode reader | bare metal environment | bare metal restore | barnacle | baseband | baseband video | bash | BASIC | basic input/output system | Basic Rate Interface | Basis | Basis: Learning Guide | bastion host | batch | batch file | batch job | batch processing | battery | baud | Bayesian filter | Bayesian logic | BBCs | BBS | bc set | Bcc | BCP | BDC | beaming | Bean | Bearer Independent Call Control | BECN | becquerel | BEDO DRAM | beep code | beeper | Beginners All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code | Bel | Bell Communications Research | Bell operating company | Bellcore | | BeOS | Beowulf | BER | Berrycasting | bespoke | best and final offer | best practice | best practices | beta | beta test | Betamax | bevel | BEx | Bezier curve | BGAN | BGAN (Broadband Global Area Network) | BGP | bi-level image | BIA | bias | BIC | BICC | bid for placement | bifurcation | Big Blue | Big Chief tablet | Big Mother | big-endian | big-endian and little-endian | binary | binary 8-zero substitution | binary digit | binary file | binary large object | binary prefix multipliers | Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless | binary search | binary tree | binary-safe function | bind | binder | BinHex | BioAPI | BioAPI Consortium | biochip | biochip transponder | bioinformatics | biomechatronics | biometric | Biometric Application Programming Interface (BAPI): Glossary | biometric authentication | biometric identification | biometric payment | Biometric Terms: Glossary | biometric verification | biometrics | biomimetics | biotechnology | bipolar 8-zero substitution | bipolar signaling | bipolar transistor | bipolar transmission | birdie | bis | BISDN | Bison | | BizTalk | black body | black box | black hat | black hole | black level | Black Tuesday | Blackberry | blackbody | blackbody radiation | blackhole | blackhole list | blacklist | blade PC | blade server | Blade Servers: Learning Guide | blended agent | blended attack | blended exploit | blended threat | blind courtesy copy | BLOB | block | block cipher | blog | blog dictionary | blog glossary | blog lexicon | blog terms | Blog terms: Glossary | blogging | blogging definitions | blogging terms | Blogging Terms: Glossary: Glossary | blogosphere | bloviate | Blowfish | Blu-ray | blue bomb | Blue Book | Blue Gene | blue laser | | Blue Tooth | Bluebird | BlueGene | Bluejacking | bluesnarf | bluesnarfing | Bluetooth | Bluetooth brick | Bluetooth virus | Bluetooth worm | Bluetooth: Learning Guide | BMAN | BMI | BNC | BO2K | board | BOB | BOC | Bochs | bogie | bogomips | Bohr radius | boilerplate | bolt-on | Boltzmann's constant | Bongo | bookmark | bookmark management site | bookmark portal | books (text) online | Boole, George | Boolean | | Border Gateway Protocol | bot | bot network | bot worm | bot-worm | botnet | bottleneck | botworm | Boulwarism | bounce | bounce e-mail | bounce mail | bouncing | Bourne Again Shell | Bourne shell | boustrophedon | BPCP | BPCS | BPEL | BPEL4WS | BPELWS | BPL | BPM | BPMI | BPML | BPR | bps | Braille display | Braille-ready file | brain dump | brain fingerprinting | brain machine interface | brain-computer interface | brain-dump | braindump | branch in a box | branch office box | branch-in-a-box | brand | brand spoof | brand spoofing | BRB | bread crumb trail | bread crumbing | breadcrumb trail | breadcrumbs | breathalyzer cell phone | BREW | BRI | brick server | bricks and mortar | bridge | bridge disc | bridge disk | bridge tap | brightness | British thermal unit | broad agency announcement | broadband | broadband dialup | Broadband Global Area Network | Broadband over Power Line | Broadband Over Powerline | broadband voice gateway | broadcast | broadcast flag | Broadvision | brochureware | brouter | brownfield deployment | browser hijacker | browser-safe palette | browserless Web | brute force | brute force cracking | BS 15000 | BS 7799 | BS7799 | BSA | BSB | BSD | BSM | BSP | BSRAM | BTM | BTP | Btu | BTW | bubble help | bucket brigade | buckytube | buddy avatar | buddy icon | buddy list | buffer | buffer credits | buffer flush | buffer overflow | buffer-to-buffer credits | bug | Bugbear | build | build tool | built-in obsolescence | bulk data transfer | bulletin board service | bulletin board system | Bullfighter | bump mapping | bundling | burn | burn rate | BURN-Proof | Burning Man | Burning Ubuntu GNU Linux Live ISO to CD | burst | Burst Extended Data Output DRAM | burst SRAM | bus | bus master | bus network | Bush, Vannevar | business activity monitoring | Business Application Programming Interface | Business Configuration Set | business continuance | business continuity | business continuity plan | business impact analysis | business information center (BIC) | Business Information Warehouse | business intelligence | Business Intelligence: Learning Guide | business metric | business performance management | Business Planning and Control System | business portal | business process | business process contingency plan | Business Process Execution Language for Web Services | business process management | Business Process Management Initiative | Business Process Modeling Language | business process outsourcing | business process reengineering | business service provider | Business Software Alliance | business technology management | Business Transaction Protocol | business warehouse | business-IT alignment | business-to-business | butt splice | buzz marketing | Buzzword Alert : July 18, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert from WhatIs.com: DST patch, self-morphing Trojans, and Google Apps: Buzzword Alert | Buzzword Alert from WhatIs.com: geospatial apps, cyberbullying, SOA and agile development: Buzzword Alert | Buzzword Alert from WhatIs.com: unified communications, data deduplication, PoE, 802.11n and the Long Tail: Buzzword Alert | Buzzword Alert: Ajax, ITIL, Hyperion and quantum computers: Buzzword Alert | Buzzword Alert: August 15, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: August 2, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: August 22, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: August 30, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: August 8, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: CES, OS X, WAN optimization and full disk encryption (FDE): Buzzword Alert | Buzzword Alert: Crowdsourcing, cryptography, interoperability and SMiShing: Buzzword Alert | Buzzword Alert: Enterprise 2.0, recentralization, mobile-to-mobile convergence and drive-by pharming: Buzzword Alert | Buzzword Alert: iPhone, convergence, IPTV, common short code, Blu-ray and HDMI: Buzzword Alert | Buzzword Alert: July 24, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: July 9, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: June 20, 2006 | Buzzword Alert: June 21, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: net neutrality, Skype Trojans, spam botnets, DRM and business intelligence: Buzzword Alert | Buzzword Alert: November 1, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: November 16, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: November 8, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: October 11, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: October 18, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: October 25, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: October 4, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: September 13, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: September 20, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: September 28, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: September 6, 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: SIP phones, fixed-mobile convergence, virtual appliances, ERP SaaS and deduplication: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: Top 20 IT Buzzwords of 2006: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: Vaporware | Buzzword Alert: Vista, Office 2007, dialectric materials and vlogs | Buzzword Alert: Vista, PS3, BPL, Google Adsense and the Peanut Butter Manifesto: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: VoIP security, SOA governance, Zimbra, Office 2007 and tunnelless VPN: Buzzword | Buzzword Alert: Wireless | buzzword bingo | BW | BYE packet | bypass | bypass IRC | Bypass IVRS - Talk to a real person - cheatsheet | byte | byte code | bytecode

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpC,00.html
Alphabetical: C - 818 terms

C | C sharp | C shell | C# | C++ | C-sharp | C/N | C14N | C2 | C3D | C6 | CA | CA-ACF2 | CAB | cabinet file | Cabir | cable | cable head-end | cable modem | cable modem termination system | cable TV | CableLabs Certified Cable Modems | cache | cache coherence | cache cramming | cache engine | cache memory | cache poisoning | cache server | cached | CAD | CAD/CAM | caddy | CAE | cal | calculator | CALEA | calibrate | Calibrated Vectored Cooling | calibration | California Security Breach Information Act | call admission control | call center | Call Center Terms: Glossary | call control | call deflection | call detail record | call failure rate | call forwarding | call logging | call monitoring | call recording | call signaling | callback | callback messaging | caller ID spoofing | CallXML | calm technology | calorie | cam | camcorder | CamelCase | campus | Camram | Can Spam | Can Spam Act of 2003 | cancelbot | candela | candela per meter squared | candidate management system | canned air | cannibalization | cannibalize | cannibalizing | canonical | canonicalisation | canonicalization | canonify | canonization | canonize | CAP | Capability Maturity Model | capacitance | capacitor | capacity on demand | capacity optimization | capacity planning | capacity-optimized storage | capacity-optimized transport | CAPI | CAPTCHA | captive portal | capture | capture board | card | Card Bus | CardBus | cardinal | cardinality | carding | care-of address | Career horoscopes | Career Horoscopes: A geeky look ahead at 2007 | Carnivore | carrier | carrier hotel | Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect | Carrier Sensitive Routing | carrier-to-noise ratio | carrierless amplitude/phase | Cartesian coordinates | cartridge | CAS | cascading style sheet | Cascading Style Sheet, level 1 | CASE | case study | cast shadow | CAT 1 | CAT 2 | CAT 3 | CAT 4 | CAT 5 | CAT 5E | CAT 6 | CAT 7 | catalog | Catalogue of Life | catastrophic failure | catchment area | Categories of twisted pair cabling systems | Category 5 | cathode ray tube | CATT | CATV | CB | CBC | CBR | CBT | CCD | CCIE | CCJ | CCK | CCNA | CCNP | CCO | CCoA | CCS | CCTV | CD | CD burner | CD Plus | CD recorder | CD-Bridge Disc | CD-Bridge Disk | CD-i | CD-Magneto Optical | CD-MO | CD-R | CD-R shelf life | CD-RW | CDC | CDDI | CDE | CDF | CDI | CDMA | CDMA 2000 | CDMA One | CDMA2000 | CDN | CDO | CDP | CDPD | CDR | cdr shelf life | CDSL | CE router | Celeron | cell | cell breathing | Cell of Origin | cell phone | cell phone spam | cell phone virus | cell phone worm | Cell processor | cell-Internet phone | cell-phone unlocking | cellphone virus | cellphone worm | cellspace | cellular | cellular automata | cellular automaton | cellular phone | cellular telephone | cellular-Internet phone | censorware | centimeter | centimeter cubed per gram | centimeter per second squared | central office | central processing unit | centrex | Centrino | Centronics parallel interface | centum call second | CEO | CEO and others | CEP | CERN | CERT | certificate authority | Certificate of Competency | Certificate Revocation List | certification | certified 8(a) firm | certified e-mail | Certified Information Systems Security Professional | Certified Internet Webmaster | Certified Wireless Networking Professional | CF card | CFB | CFI | CFML | CFO | CFR | CGA | CGI | CGI scanner | cgs | cgs system of units | chaffing | chaffing and winnowing | Challenge-Handshake Authentication Procedure | challenge-response authentication mechanism | challenge-response system | Chameleon Card | change data capture | change data capture (CDC) | change management | change mode | channel | channel 64 | channel bank | channel bonding | Channel Definition Format | channel extender | Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit | channel-associated signaling | channelized T-1 | channelized T1 | CHAP | CHAP | character | characteristic impedance of free space | characters per inch | charge | charge quantity | charge-coupled device | Charles Babbage | chassis | chat abbreviations | chat acronyms | chat room | chat terms | chatterbot | chatting | Cheapernet | cheat sheet | cheatsheet | check digit | Check your spelling and grammar | checksum | checksum character | chembot | chemical robot | Chernobyl virus | Chief Compliance Officer | Chief Executive Officer | Chief Financial Officer | Chief Information Officer | Chief Security Officer | Chief Technology Officer | Chief Visionary Officer | Chinese wall | Chinese wall method | chip | chip art | chip set | chipping rate | chipset | chiral fiber | chmod | choreography | chorus | CHTML | chucking | churn | churn rate | CICS | CIDR | CIFS | CIM | CIO | cipher | cipher block chaining | ciphertext | ciphertext feedback | CIR | circuit | circuit bending | circuit switched data | circuit-switched | circular mil | CISC | Cisco Carrier Sensitive Routing | Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert | Cisco Certified Network Associate | Cisco Certified Network Professional | CISP-PCI | CISSP | citation style guides | Citizen's Band Radio | Citrix | CIW | Clarus | class | Class C2 | class diagram | class library | Class of Service | classification of data | Classless Inter-Domain Routing | Claude Shannon | CLC | clean room | clean room design | clean room technique | cleanroom | cleanroom technique | clear box | clear channel | clear zone | cleartext | CLEC | CLI | click | click fraud | click rate | click stream | click-through rate | click-to-callback | clicks and mortar | clickstream analysis | clickstream analytics | clickthrough | clickthrough rate | client | client/server | clip art | Clipper | cloak of invisibility | cloaking | clock cycle | clock speed | clocks or cycles per instruction | clone | closed caption | closed captions | closed circuit television | cloud | CLR | cluster | cluster computing | cluster panic | clustering | CM | CMDB | CMDM | CMIP | CMM | CMOS | CMP-50 cable | CMR | CMS | CMTS | CMYB | CMYK | CNR | CO | co-branding | co-browsing | co-location | co-opetition | coarse wavelength division multiplexing | coax | coaxial antenna | coaxial cable | coaxial cable (illustrated) | COBOL | cobot | cobranding | cocooning | COD | Codd | code | code review | code-division multiple access | codec | coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing | coding error | coefficient | COFDM | cognitive biometric | cognitive modeling | cognitive radio | Cognos | CoIP | COLD | cold backup | | cold buffer | Cold Fusion | cold fusion | cold server | cold site | cold/warm/hot server | ColdFusion | ColdFusion Markup Language | coldset | coldset Web offset printing | collaboration | Collaboration Data Objects | collaboration diagram | collaboration software | collaborative authoring | collaborative browsing | collaborative citizen journalism | collaborative CRM | Collaborative Master Data Management | collaborative robot | collaborative software | Collaborative software: Glossary | collaborative tagging | collision | collocated | collocation | colocated | colocated care-of address | colocation | colocation center | Color in the Office | Color printing: Choosing the right printer | color thin film transistor | column address strobe | com | COM+ | combinatorial logic | comma-separated values file | command | command injection | command interpreter | command line interface | comment | Commerce XML | commercial off-the-shelf | Commercial Processing Workload | commit | committed information rate | Common Application Programming Interface | Common Business Oriented Language | common channel signaling | Common Desktop Environment | common gateway interface | Common Information Model | Common Internet File System | Common Language Infrastructure | Common Language Runtime | Common Management Information Protocol | Common Object Request Broker Architecture | Common Programming Interface | common short code (CSC) | common test platform | Communication and Networking Riser | communication diagram | communication server | Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act | communications over Internet Protocol | community computing | community technology center | compact disc | compact disk | Compact HTML | CompactFlash | CompactFlash card | compaction | competitive local exchange carrier | Compiere | compile | compiled | Complementary Code Keying | complementary metal-oxide semiconductor | complex event processing | complex instruction set computer | complex number | compliance | compliance testing | Compliance: Glossary | component | Component Object Model | Component Object Model + | component video | composite video | composition | compound | compound document | compressed | compressed air | compression | compression artifact | computational grid | computational origami | computational reflection | Compute Intensive Workload | compute-intensive | Computed Dental Radiography | Computer Aided Test Tool | computer barnacle | computer based training | Computer Emergency Readiness Team | computer file | computer forensics | computer operator | Computer Output to Laser Disk | computer pidgin language | computer room air conditioning unit | computer-aided manufacturing | computer-assisted software engineering | Computer-based Discovery | computer-based training | computer-intensive | Computer-Supported Cooperative Work | computer-telephony integration | concatenate | concatenating | concatenation | concentration | concentrator | concurrent processing | Concurrent Versions System | conditional access | conductance | conferencing over Internet Protocol | CONFIG.SYS | configuration | configuration item | configuration management | configuration management database | configure | conformal coating | conformance | conformance testing | connection | connection-oriented | connectionless | connectoid | Connector/ODBC | Constellation | Consumer Data Privacy | consumer packaged goods | consumer privacy | contact center | Contact Center: Glossary | contact port numbers | container | content | content aggregator | content caching | content delivery | content delivery network | Content Discovery | content distribution | content filtering | content managemen | content management system | Content Protection for Removable Media | content replication | Content Scrambling System | content spoofing | content-addressed storage | context-driven testing | contextual collaboration | contiguity | contiguous | continuation symbol | continuous backup | continuous data protection | contract delivery date | contracting officer | control network | Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology | Control-Alt-Delete | CONUS | conventional memory | convergence | Conversational Monitor System | COO | cook-off test | cooked data | cool | Coordinated Universal Time | coordinates | Copper Distributed Data Interface | coprocessor | COPS | copy board | copyleft | copyright | CORBA | cordless mouse | core competency | core dump | core router | corporate area network (CAN) | corporate governance | corporate performance management | corporate portal | corportal | CoS | cosine wave | Cosmo | cost center | cost per call | COTS | COTS, MOTS, GOTS, and NOTS | coulomb | coulomb per centimeter squared | coulomb per meter cubed | counter | counterfeit detector pen | countermeasure | counting board | courseware | courtesy copy | CPG | CPI | CPL | CPM | CPNI | CPRM | CPU | CPU | CPW | CR | CRA | CRAC | cracker | cracking | CRAM | crash | Crash Course: Spyware | crawler | CRC | CRC-4 | Creating Your First Podcast: Learning | credential/session prediction | creeping featuritis | creepy whisper | crimeware | crippleware | critical path method | critical section routine | CRL | CRM | CRM analytics | CRM chat | CRM Real-time Analytics | CRON script | crontab | cross media queuing | cross section | cross-bar switch | cross-engineering | cross-media queuing | cross-post | cross-sell | cross-site request forgery | cross-site scripting | cross-site tracing | crossbar latch | crossfade | crossover cable | crosstalk | crowdcasting | CRT | crumb | Crusoe | cryptanalysis | crypto | cryptographic checksum | cryptography | cryptology | cryptoperiod | cryptotrojan | cryptovirus cryptoworm | cryptoworm | Crypzip | Crystal Reports | CSD | CSMA/CA | CSMA/CD | CSO | CSR | CSRF | CSS | CSS1 | CSSL1 | CSU/DSU | CSV file | CTC | CTD | CTI | CTO | CTP | CTR | Ctrl-Alt-Delete | cubic foot | cubic meter | cubicle | cuckoo egg | CUL | cumulative trauma disorder | curie | Curl | current | curses | cursor | CUSeeMe | custom factory integration | customer acquisition cost | Customer Analytics | customer data integration | Customer Data Privacy | customer edge router | Customer Information Control System | customer interaction center | customer life cycle | customer lifecycle | customer managed relationship | customer premises equipment | customer privacy | Customer Proprietary Network Information | customer relationship analysis | customer relationship management | customer segmentation | customer self-service | customer service and support | customer service chat | customer valuation | customer-facing | customer-managed relationship | CUT | cut-and-paste attack | CVC | CVO | CVS | CWDM | CWNP | cXML | cyan, magenta, yellow, and black pigment model | cycle time | cycles per second | cyclic redundancy checking | Cyclic Redundancy Checking 4 | Cygwin | cypherpunk | Cyrix

(E?)(L1) http://whatis.techtarget.com/definitionsAlpha/0,289930,sid9_alpD,00.html
Alphabetical: D - 648 terms

D-AMPS | D-channel | D-VHS | D2D2T | DAB | DAC | daemon | DAFS | daily build and smoke test | Daily Tech Trivia Archives: 2.20.06 - 3.31.06: Daily quiz question | Daily Tech Trivia: Daily quiz question | daisy chain | DAML | Damn Small Linux | DAMPS | DAO | dark energy | dark fiber | Darwin | DAS | DASD | dashboard | DAT | DAT USB drive | DAT USB tape drive | data | Data Access Arrangement | Data Access Objects | data aggregation | data analysis | data at rest | data availability | data binding | data categorization | data center | Data Center Markup Language | data classification | data cleansing | Data Communication Equipment | data corruption | data decryption IC | Data Decryption Integrated Circuits | data deduplication | data dictionary | data dredging | data encryption IC | Data Encryption Standard | data encryption/decryption IC | data file | data fishing | data glove | data governance | data hiding | data integration | data integrity | data key | data life cycle management | data lifecycle management | data link control | data link layer | data management | Data management freeware and shareware guide. | data mart | data miner | data mining | data modeling | Data Over Cable Systems Interface | data preprocessing | Data Privacy | data quality | data quality assurance | Data Quality: Learning Guide | data rate | data rates | data replication | data repository | data scrubbing | data set | data source name | data source object | Data Space Transfer Protocol | data splitting | data streaming | data structure | data switch | Data Terminal Equipment | data transfer rate | data transfer throttling | data type | data warehouse | Data-Link layer | database | database administrator | database cursor | database management system | database marketing | database of record | database replication | Database: Glossary | Database: Learning Guide | datacard | datagram | DataTAC | daughterboard | DAW | Daylight Saving Time | Daylight Saving Time patch | Daylight Savings Time | dB | DB-15 | DB-25 | DB-50 | DB-68 | DB-9 | DB-xx | DB2 | DB2: Learning Guide | DBA | DBMS | DBOR | DBS | DC | DCE | DCIT | DCML | DCOM | DDBMS | DDCD | DDE | DDK | DDoS | DDoS attack | DDR SDRAM | DDS | DDS-1 | DDS-2 | DDS-3 | DDS-4 | de-perimeterisation | de-perimeterization | dead media | Debian | Debian Linux | debounced | debouncing | debug | debugger | debugging | DEC | decibel | decibels related to dipole antenna | decibels relative to carrier | decibels relative to isotropic radiator | decibels relative to one millivolt | decibels relative to one milliwatt | decibels relative to reference level | decimal | decipher | decision support system | decision tree software | decode | decoding | decompilation | decompile | | decompressing | decrypt | decryption | dedicated hosting | dedicated line | dedicated server | dedicated short range communication | deep link | Deep Space Network | deep Web | default | Defense Acquisition Regulatory Council | Defense Acquisition Regulatory Council (DARC) | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Network | Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) | defense contractor | Defense Message System | Defrag | | degree Fahrenheit | degree per second | degree per second squared | delimiter | deliverable | Delphi | demand-based switching | demarc | demilitarized zone | demo | demo and demoscene | demographics | demogroup | demomaker | demon | demoparty | demoscene | demutualization | DEN | dendrimer | deniable encryption | denial of service | denial of service attack | denial-of-service | denial-of-service attack | dense wavelength division multiplexing | deobfuscate | deperimeterisation | deperimeterization | deploy | deployment | depository | deprecate | deprecated | deprecation | DER | derived object | DES | design by committee | design pattern | design reuse | desktop | desktop administration | desktop computer | Desktop Linux: Learning Guide | desktop management | Desktop Management Interface | Desktop Management Task Force | desktop search | desktop security | desktop supercomputer | desktop theme | development environment | device | device driver | device relationship management | deviceCOM | DFS | DG | DHA | DHTML | diagonal-parity RAID | dial peer | dial peer hunting | dial-up | | Dialed Number Identification Service | dialog box | dichotomizing search | DICOM | dictionaries | Dictionaries we recommend | dictionary attack | DID | DidTheyReadIt | dielectric | dielectric constant | dielectric material | Difference Engine | Differentiated Services | DiffServ | digiboard | digicard | digit | digitization | digitize | digitizing | digizine | Dilbert | DIME | DIMM | diode | dipole antenna | direct access | Direct Access File System | direct access storage device | direct broadcast satellite | direct current | direct electronic recording machines | direct email marketing | Direct Internet Message Encapsulation | Direct Inward Dialing | direct marketing | Direct Memory Access | Direct Outward Dialing | Direct R/3 | Direct Rambus | direct sequence spread spectrum | direct-attached storage | Direct-to-Edit | direct-to-home satellite | directional sound | directory | directory climbing | directory harvest attack | Directory Services Markup Language | directory traversal | Directory-Enabled Networking | DirectX | dirty data | DirXML | disappearing e-mail | disassemble | disassembler | discontinuous transmission | discoveries | discrete | discrete multitone | discussion board | discussion group | dish antenna | disintermediation | disk cache | disk duplexing | disk mirroring | Disk Operating System | disk striping | disk-to-disk-to-tape | diskette | DiskOnKey | disparity | displacement | display | display adapter | display mode | display modes | displayboard | Displays : Glossary | disposable computer | disposable PC | disruption-tolerant network | disruptive technology | distance | distance learning | Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol | distributed | distributed authoring | Distributed Component Object Model | distributed computing | Distributed Computing Environment | distributed database | distributed database management system | distributed denial-of-service attack | distributed DoS attack | distributed file system | Distributed interNet Applications Architecture | distributed learning | Distributed Management Task Force | distribution | distribution list | distributive numerical control | distro | dither | dithered | dithering | division sign | DKNF | DLC | DLL | DLM | DLT | DMA | DMB | DMCA | DMI | DMOZ | DMP | DMR | DMS | DMT | DMTF | DMZ | DNA | DNC | DNG | DNIS | DNS | DNS cache poisoning | DNS poisoning | DO | do not call list | do not call registry | Do You Speak Geek: Famous People in IT Quiz | Do you speak Geek: File Extension Quiz: WhatIs.com Quiz | Do you speak Geek: Internet Protocols and Technologies | Do you speak Geek: Special Summer Edition: WhatIs.com Quiz | Do You Speak Geek? | Do you speak geek? Down in the engine room | Do you speak Geek? Great Geeks in History Quiz: WhatIs.com Quiz | Do you speak podcasting?: Quiz | Do you speek Geek: Every File Format in the World Quiz: Quiz | do-it-yourself marketing | dock | docking station | DoCoMo | DOCSIS | document | document management | Document Object Model | document reader | Document Style Semantics and Specification Language | Document Type Definition | documentation | DOD | dog-food | dogcow | DOI | DOLS | DOM | domain | domain controller | domain name | domain name system | domain name system poisoning | domain sniper | DomainKeys | domestic outsourcing | Domino | Domino Extensible Language | Domino Off-Line Services | dongle | DoPa | Doppler effect | DOS | DOS Protected Mode Interface | DOS/V and WIN/V | dot address | dot com | dot NET | dot pitch | dot product | dot.com | DOT4 | dotcom | dots per inch | dotted quad | double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory | Double Density CD | double factorial | double integral sign | Double-Density Compact Disk | double-parity RAID | double-slit experiment | doubler | doublewhack | down converter | downconverter | downlink | downlink and uplink | download | download pop-up | downloading | downsizing | downstream | downtime | dpi | DPMI | DQA | draft document | DRAM | DRDRAM | drilldown | drive-by download | drive-by pharming | drive-by spamming | driver | driver development kit | DRM | drop shadow | drop-down menu | dropout | droupie | DRP | DS | DS-CDMA | DS0 | DS1 | DS2 | DS3 | DS4 | DSLAM | DSML | DSN | DSNG | DSO | DSO exploit | DSP | DSR | DSRC | DSS | DSSSL | DST | DST patch | DSTP | DT Code of Practice | DTD | DTE | DTH | DTMF | DTMF | DTN | DTTV | DTV | DTV Guide | DTV up converter | DTV upconverter | DTX | dual core | dual core processing | dual core processor | dual in-line memory module | dual tone multi frequency | dual-layer magnetic tape | dual-side magnetic tape | Dublin Core | duct tape marketing | duh | dumb | dumb network | dumb terminal | dump site | dumpster diving | duotone | duplex | duty cycle | DVB | DVD | DVD Forum | DVD-A | DVD-Audio | DVD-AudioV | DVD-RAM | DVI | DVMRP | Dvorak keyboard | DWDM | DXL | dynalink | dynamic | dynamic analysis | dynamic and static | dynamic backup | Dynamic Data Exchange | dynamic DNS service | dynamic fonts | dynamic function loading | Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol | dynamic HTML | dynamic IP address | dynamic jitter buffer | dynamic link lib