Etymologie, Etimología, Étymologie, Etimologia, Etymology
@_ Welt, Mundo, Monde, Mondo, World
Linguistik, Lingüística, Linguistique, Linguistica, Linguistics

A

B

bbc
Linguistics, Speech & Semantics

(E?)(L?) http://h2g2.com/dna/h2g2/alabaster/C740
Auf dieser Seite findet man die BBC-Artikel:

bmanuel
Languages, computers and humanities
Corpora and Corpus-based Computational Linguistics
Manuel Barbera's Web Resources Reference Guide

(E?)(L?) http://www.bmanuel.org/




(E?)(L?) http://www.bmanuel.org/clr/index.html

Corpora and Corpus-based Computational Linguistics:
Manuel Barbera's Web Resources Reference Guide.
Welcome to Manuel Barbera's Reference Guide to Corpora and Corpus-based Computational Linguistics Resources on the Web (more shortly CLR Guide).

There are about 1600 exhaustively annotated files. Descriptions as a rule are taken directly from the sites they refer to and are only slightly adapted or translated into English. Usually I put a particular stress on the kind of availability (conditions, costs etc.) of the resources. Besides providing istitutional and general references, these pages aim principally to gather information on specific languages, especially the "exotic" and lesser known ones.
...
Index.

General Resources. Localized Resources.

(A-D) Afrikaans - Albanian - Albanian (Caucasic) - Arabic - Armenian - Australian lgs. - Awabakal (Yuin-Kuric) - Azerbaijani - Barbadian (Creole English) - Basque - Bengali - Berbice (Creole Dutch) - Bulgarian - Catalan - Chinese (incl. Cantonese) - Chiricahua (Apache) - Commonwealth Antillean Creole French - Commonwealth Winward Islands Creole English - Czech - Danish - Dutch (E) English (Modern) - English (Old & Middle) - Esperanto - Estonian (F-I) Farsi - Finnish - French - French Antillean Creole French - Frisian - Gaelic - Georgian - German - Gothic - Greek (Classic and Modern) - Gujarati - Gulf of Guinea Creole Portuguese - Guyana Creole English - Guyanais (Creole French) - Haitian (Creole French) - Hebrew - Hindi - Hungarian - Icelandic (incl. Old Norse) - Indoeuropean - Indonesian - Irish (incl. Ogamic, Old & Middle Irish) - Italian (J-R) Jamaican Creole English - Japanese - Karelian - Korean - Krio (Sierra Leone Creole English) - Kru (Liberian Pidgin English) - Latin - Latvian - Leeward Islands Creole English - Lithuanian - Livonian - Louisiana Creole French - Macaísta (Macau Creole Portuguese) - Malay - Maltese - Mambila - Manx - Mari (Eastern Meadow) - Mauritian Creole (Isle de France CF) - Mescalero (Apache) - Miskito Creole English - Mitchif (French-Cree mixed language) - Nahuatl - Neapolitan - Negerhollands (Creole Dutch) - Norwegian - Occitan - Palenquero (Creole Spanish) - Panjabi - Polish - Portuguese (incl. Brazilian & Galego-Portuguese) - Romanian - Russian (S-Z) Sardinian - Saxon (Old) - Scots - Serbo-Croate - Singhalese - Slavonian (Old Church Slavonian) - Slovak - Slovene - Spanish - Swahili - Swedish - Tagalog - Taino - Tamil - Tetun (East Timorese) - Thai - Tibetan - Tocharian (A & B) - Tok Pisin (Creole English) - Turkish - Ukrainian - Upper Guinea Creole Portuguese - Urdu - Uzbek - Veps - Vietnamese - Virgin Islands Creole English - Welsh - West African Pidgin English.


buske
Sprachwissenschaft

(E?)(L?) http://www.buske.de/
FREMDE SPRACHEN:
Albanisch | Amharisch | Arabisch | Armenisch | Baskisch | Bretonisch | Bulgarisch | Chinesisch | Esperanto | Finnisch | Griechisch | Hausa | Hebräisch | Hindi | Indonesisch | Irisch | Iraqw | Isländisch | Italienisch | Japanisch | Jiddisch | Komorisch | Koreanisch | Kroatisch-Serbisch | Laotisch | Latein | Lettisch | Madagassisch | Niederländisch | Norwegisch | Oromo | Pali | Persisch | Plattdeutsch | Polnisch | Rotwelsch | Rumänisch | Russisch | Saamisch (Lappisch) | Sakai | Sanskrit | Schona | Schwedisch | Somali | Spanisch | Tetum | Thai | Tibetisch | Tschechisch | Tscheremissisch | Türkisch | Ukrainisch | Ungarisch | Vietnamesisch | Walisisch | Weißrussisch

C

christianlehmann
On the theoretical bases of genetic language comparison

(E?)(L?) http://www.christianlehmann.eu/
(E?)(L?) http://www.christianlehmann.eu/publ/Method_genetic_comparison.pdf
19-seitiges PDF-Dokument

ciep
Ventre International d'études pédagogique
EXCURSUS: Une étymologie globale?

(E2)(L2) http://www.ciep.fr/reform/genetique/genetique40.htm
Auf dieser Seite findet man eine kleine Tabelle, die ein paar Grundbegriffe in verschiedenen Sprachen nebeneinanderstellt: Unter "Pour en savoir plus" findet man einige Literaturempfehlungen und einige vielversprechende Links.

D

E

economist
How well does the world wide web represent human language?
WWW and human language

(E?)(L?) http://www.economist.com/science/displayStory.cfm?story_id=3576374

...
LINGUISTS must often correct lay people's misconceptions of what they do. Their job is not to be experts in "correct" grammar, ready at any moment to smack your wrist for a split infinitive. What they seek are the underlying rules of how language works in the minds and mouths of its users. In the common shorthand, linguistics is descriptive, not prescriptive. What actually sounds right and wrong to people, what they actually write and say, is the linguist's raw material.
...
The British National Corpus contains 100m words, of which 10m are speech and 90m writing. But it represents only British English, and 100m words is not so many when linguists search for rare usages. Other corpora, such as the North American News Text Corpus, are bigger, but contain only formal writing and speech.
...
Linguists, however, are slowly coming to discover the joys of a free and searchable corpus of maybe 10 trillion words that is available to anyone with an internet connection: the world wide web.
...


F

G

googlelabs
Books Ngram Viewer
Wort-Häufigkeit seit 1500
Statistische Linguistik
American English
British English
Chinese (simplified)
English
English Fiction
English One Million
French
German
Hebrew
Russian
Spanish

(E?)(L1) http://ngrams.googlelabs.com/
(E?)(L1) http://ngrams.googlelabs.com/info

What's all this do?

When you enter phrases into the Google Books Ngram Viewer, it displays a graph showing how those phrases have occurred in a corpus of books (e.g., "British English", "English Fiction", "French") over the selected years. Let's look at a sample graph:
...


This shows trends in three ngrams from 1950 to 2000: What the y-axis shows is this:
of all the bigrams contained in our sample of books written in English and published in the United States, what percentage of them are "nursery school" or "child care"? Of all the unigrams, what percentage of them are "kindergarten"? Here, you can see that use of the phrase "child care" started to rise in the late 1960s, overtaking "nursery school" around 1970 and then "kindergarten" around 1973. It peaked shortly after 1990 and has been falling steadily since.

(Interestingly, the results are noticeably different when the corpus is switched to British English.)
...
Corpora Below are descriptions of the corpora that can be searched with the Google Books Ngram Viewer. All of these corpora were generated in July 2009; we will update these corpora as our book scanning continues, and the updated versions will have distinct persistent identifiers.
...


(E?)(L?) http://ngrams.googlelabs.com/graph?content=Etymology&year_start=1500&year_end=2000&corpus=0&smoothing=3
Mit dem "N-gram Viewer" kann man erkennen, dass die "Hochzeit" des Wortes engl. "Etymology" in der Literatur um das Jahr 1730 lag.

(E?)(L?) http://ngrams.googlelabs.com/graph?content=Etymologie&year_start=1500&year_end=2008&corpus=8&smoothing=3
Die "Hochzeit" von dt. "Etymologie" lag ein etwa um 1820.

(E?)(L?) http://www.culturomics.org/
(E?)(L?) http://www.culturomics.org/Resources/A-users-guide-to-culturomics

The Google Labs N-gram Viewer is the first tool of its kind, capable of precisely and rapidly quantifying cultural trends based on massive quantities of data. It is a gateway to culturomics! The browser is designed to enable you to examine the frequency of words (banana) or phrases ('United States of America') in books over time. You'll be searching through over 5.2 million books: ~4% of all books ever published!

There are lots of different things you can check, like your favorite word (Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious) or person (President Taft; Chief Justice Taft) or part of the holiday (Christmas Tree).
...


(E?)(L?) http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2010/12/fun-with-google-ngram-viewer/

I’ve been playing around with the Google Labs NGram book viewer, and you can do some pretty big picture stuff with it.

I mean really big picture: As the NYTimes reported, Its a “mammoth database culled from nearly 5.2 million digitized books available to the public for free downloads and online searches, opening a new landscape of possibilities for research and education in the humanities . . . It consists of the 500 billion words contained in books published between 1500 and 2008 in English, French, Spanish, German, Chinese and Russian.”

Just punching in a few key terms over the past century yields some pretty interesting results:
...


Erstellt: 2011-01

H

I

J

K

ku-eichstaett
Bibliography of Onomasiological Works

(E?)(L1) http://www1.ku-eichstaett.de/SLF/EngluVglSW/OnOn-7.pdf
(E?)(L1) http://www1.ku-eichstaett.de/SLF/EngluVglSW/OnOn-4.pdf
78-seitige Literaturliste zur Bezeichnungslehre - jede Literaturangabe umfasst 2-4 Zeilen.


(last updated: 11 July 2005)
compiled by Joachim Grzega

This bibliography of diachronic onomasiological non-OnOn studies on specific concepts must be understood as work in progress and will be enlarged on a constant basis. Anybody who wants to complement or correct this list of bibliographical works is more than welcome. You can search for concepts, languages, authors etc. if you click the binoculars symbol above. After each entry I have indicated the language(s) [L] and concept(s) [C] the works are dealing with (in American English spelling). As long as this list is not complete yet (for the moment it rather lists more recent works), one should also consult the following bibliographies. The most recent bibliography on historical lexicology in the Indo-European area is the one by Frank Heidermanns (2005), Bibliographie zur indogermanischen Wortforschung, Tübingen: Niemeyer.

For the French area I would like to point out the contribution by Ralph de Gorog (1973), "Bibliographie des études de l’onomasiologie dans le domaine du français", Revue de linguistique romane 37: 419-446;
for the Italian and Rhaeto-Romance domain the linguist is also provided with the contribution by Loredana Corrà (1981), "Contributo alla bibliografia onomasiologica: Dominio italiano", in: Cortelazzo, Manlio (ed.), La Ricerca Dialettale II, Pisa: Pacini, p. 393-478 (listing contributions on the various maps of the Italian linguistic atlas AIS), and Glauco Sanga (1987), Karl Jaberg/Jakob Jud: AIS - Atlante linguistico ed etnografico dell’Italia e della Svizzera meridionale, vol. 2: Scelta di carte commentate, Milano: Unicopli;
for Latin there is the fourvolume work by Otto Hiltbrunner (ed.) (1981-1992), Bibliographie zur lateinischen Wortforschung, Bern/München;
for the German area the reader may want to consult the bibliography by Helmut Gipper and Hans Schwarz (1962ff.), Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung, Köln/Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag (vol. 2,2), as well as the bibliography by Peter von Polenz (1963), "Arbeiten zum Deutschen Wortatlas", in: Schmitt, Ludwig E. (ed.), Deutsche Wortforschung in europäischen Bezügen, vol. 2, Gießen: Schmitz, p. 525-548;
for English the reader may also consult the etymological bibliography by Vic Strite (1989), Old English Semantic Field Studies, New York: Peter Lang, and the one by Louise Sylvester / Jane Roberts (2000), Middle English Word Studies: A Word and Author Index, Woodbridge: Brewer [its onomasiological entries are already included here].
For onomasiological works before 1950–especially for the Romance and West Germanic area - see the German index in the dissertation by Bruno Quadri (1952), Aufgaben und Methoden der onomasiologischen Darstellung: Eine entwicklungsgeschichtliche Darstellung, [Romanica Helvetica 37], Bern: Francke.


L

M

mpg
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Department of Linguistics

(E?)(L?) http://www.eva.mpg.de/lingua/index.php

Led by Bernard Comrie, the Department of Linguistics studies the diversity of human language and the historical processes underlying this diversity. The researchers are interested in “language universals”, i.e. properties that are common to all human languages, and “language typology”, i.e. properties in which languages differ from each other. Why are language universals and cross-linguistic variation the way they are? To this end, various phenomena across a wide range of languages are studied, and reference is made to formal properties of language, to the cognitive bases of languages, and to aspects of language in use. Grammatical and lexical features are studied, taking into account regional peculiarities, therefore, field work is an important tool of linguistic research.




N

nativeweb
Resources for Indigenous Cultures around the World

(E?)(L?) http://www.nativeweb.org/resources/languages_linguistics/
(E?)(L?) http://www.nativeweb.org/resources/

Internet Links - Resource Database

Resource Database Sub-Categories: Anthropology & Archeology


(E?)(L?) http://www.nativeweb.org/resources.php?type=1

Nations Index - 5380 Total Listings Available! Resource Database Sub-Categories:

Abenaki | Aberesh | Acadians | Accohannock | Achumawi | Acjachemem | Acoma | Ainu | Akha | Akwesasne | Alabama-Coushatta | Algonquin | Alutiiq | Ani-Stohini - Unami | Anishinaabe | Anishinabek | Antai Aymara | Apache | Arapaho | Arawak | Arikara | Ashaninka | Assiniboine | Athabascan | Aymara | Aztec (Nahua) | Baka | Bantu | Barona | Basque | Berber | Bisaya | Blackfeet | Blackfoot | Bri Bri | Buryat | Caddo | Cajun | Caquinte | Carib | Catawba | Cayuga | Chamorro | Charrua | Cherokee | Cheyenne | Chichimeca | Chickasaw | Chicora | Chilcotin | Chinook | Chippewa | Choctaw | Chotanagpur | Chumash | Clatsop-Nehalem | Cochiti | Cocopah | Coeur d'Alene | Cofan | Coharie | Colville | Comanche | Confederated Tribes of Coos, Siuslaw and Lower Umpqua | Constance Lake | Costanoan | Cowichan | Cowlitz | Cree | Creek (Muskogee) | Crow | Dakota | Delaware | Dene | Ditidaht First Nation | Dogon | Echota | Edisto | Embera | Euchee | Evenki | Fernandeño/Tataviam | Flathead | Garifuna | Gila River | Gitxsan | Gros Ventre | Guarani | Gwitch'in | Hadzabe | Haida | Haudenosaunee | Havasupai | Hidatsa | Hmong | Ho-Chunk | Hoopa | Hopi | Houma | Huaorani | Huichol | Huron | Ilois | Innu | Inuktitut | Inupiaq | Inupiat | Iowa | Ioway | Iroquois | Jebeliya Bedouin | Kainai | Kalispel | Kanak | Kanaka Maoli | Kanienkehaka | Karen | Karuk | Kaw | Kawaiisu | Kawartha | Kawésqar | Khama | Kickapoo | Kiowa | Klallam | Klamath | Kogi | Koorie | Korowai | Korubo | Ktunaxa | Kumeyaay | Kuna | Kurdistan | Kwagiutl | Kwakiutl | Kwanlin Dun | Laguna | Lahu | Lakota | Lawa | Lemhi-Shoshone | Lenape | Lenca | Lenni-Lenape | Lisu | Lubicon | Luiseno | Lumbee | Lummi Nation | Maasai | Maidu | Makah | Maliseet | Mandan | Manobo | Maori | Mapuche | Mattaponi | Maya | Mechoopda | Menominee | Metis | Mi'kmaw | Miami | MicMac | Mingo | Miskitu | Miwok | Mixteca | Mlabri | Mohave | Mohawk | Mohegan | Mohican | Monacan | Montagnais | Montaukett | Muscogee | Naga | Nakota | Nanticokes | Narragansett | Nasion Chamoru | Naticoke | Navajo | Nez Perce | Ngarrindjeri | Nipmuc | Nisga'a | Nishnawbe Aski | Nlaka`pamux | Nungas (Australia) | Nuu-chah-nulth | Nuxalk | Nyoongar | Odawa | Ogoni | Ohiyesa | Ohlone | Ojibwe | Okmulgee (Creek) | Omaha | Oneida | Onondaga | Opata | Osage | Otoe-Missouria | Paiute | Palong | Pangasinan | Pawnee | Pechanga Band of Luiseño Mission Indians | Pehuenche | Penobscot | Pequot | Pima | Piscataway | Pocomoke | Pocumtuck | Pomo | Ponca | Potawatomi | Powhatan | Pueblo | Puyallup | Q'anjob'al | Quapaw | Quechan | Quileute | Quinault | S'Klallam | Sac | Sakha(Yakoutie) | Salish | Salteaux | Sami | San | Santee | Saponi | Sauk-Suiattle | Schaghticoke | Secwepemc | Seminole | Seneca | Shawnee | Shinnecock | Shipibo | Shoshone | Shuar | Shuswap | Sibirga | Siksika | Siletz | Sioux | Skokomish | Snoqualmie | Snuneymuxw First Nation | Songhees | Spokane | Squamish | Stillaguamish | Stockbridge-Munsee | Sukuma | Suma | Suquamish | Swinomish | Tachi | Taino | Tainui | Tamil | Tarahumara (Raramuri) | Taroko | Tewa | Thins | Tigua | Tionontati | Tiwa | Tlingit | Toba | Tohono O'odham | Totonacs | Tsalagi | Tsimshian | Tsnungwe | Tuareg | Tulalip | Turkic | Tuscarora | U'wa | Umatilla | Umpqua | Unkechaug | Upik | Upper Nicola | Ute | Uygur | Vuntut | Wabanaki | Wailaki | Wampanoag | Washoe | Wauzhushk Onigum | Wé | Wea | Wendat-Huron | Wenro | Wichita | Wikwemikong | Winnebago | Wintu | Wiradjuri | Wiyot | Wyandot | Xavante | Yakama | Yakima | Yanomami | Yao | Yaqui | Yavapai-Apache | Yoeme | Yokuts | Yolngu | Yuin | Yupik | Yurok | Zuni


(E?)(L?) http://www.nativeweb.org/resources.php?type=2

Geographic Region Index - 5380 Total Listings Available! Resource Database Sub-Categories:

Africa | America - Central | America - South | Aotearoa-New Zealand | Arctic Circle | Asia | Australia | Australia - Torres Strait | Canada | Canada - Eastern | Canada - Northern | Canada - Western | Caribbean Islands | Chagos Archipelago | Europe & Russia | Greenland | Iceland | Mexico | Micronesia | Pacific - South | Pacific - Western | Polynesia | United States | US - Alaska | US - Central | US - Hawaii | US - Northeast | US - Northwest | US - Southeast | US - Southwest | US - West


N-Gramm (W3)

Ein "N-Gramm" ist eine Folge aus N Zeichen, beispielsweise ein Wortfragment. N-Gramme finden Anwendung in der Kryptologie und Linguistik, speziell auch in der Computerlinguistik, Computerforensik und Quantitativen Linguistik. Einzelne Wörter, ganze Sätze oder komplette Texte werden hierbei zur Analyse oder statistischen Auswertung in N-Gramme zerlegt.

(E?)(L?) http://www.brainlogs.de/blogs/blog/graue-substanz/2010-12-30/migraene-epilepsie-und-schlaganfall-im-google-ngram-viewer
(E?)(L?) http://www.brainlogs.de/blogs/blog/anatomisches-allerlei/2011-01-03/ngram-wiki-udn-die-ottergravieh
(E?)(L?) http://www.informationisbeautiful.net/visualizations/google-ngram-experiments/

With Google’s new tool Ngram Viewer, you can visualise the rise and fall of particular keywords across 5 million books and 500 years!




(E?)(L?) http://recherchenblog.ch/index.php/weblog/analysetool_fuer_trends_google_ngram/
"Bibliothek" vs. "Bücherei"

(E?)(L?) http://thebinderblog.com/2010/12/17/googles-word-engine-isnt-ready-for-prime-time/
(E?)(L?) http://thebinderblog.com/2010/12/18/google-ngrams-thin-description/
(E?)(L?) http://thebinderblog.com/2010/12/21/how-to-fix-googles-word-engine/
(E?)(L?) http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=1701
(E?)(L?) http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-Gramm

Inhaltsverzeichnis ...
Wichtige N-Gramme sind das "Monogramm", das "Bigramm" (manchmal auch als "Digramm" bezeichnet) und das "Trigramm". Das "Monogramm" besteht aus einem Zeichen, beispielsweise nur aus einem einzelnen Buchstaben, das "Bigramm" aus zwei und das "Trigramm" aus drei Zeichen. Allgemein kann man auch von "Multigrammen" sprechen, wenn es sich um eine Gruppe von „vielen“ Zeichen handelt.
...
N-Gramm-Name N Beispiel ...
Sei S ein endliches Alphabet und sei n eine positive ganze Zahl. Dann ist ein n-Gramm ein Wort w der Länge n über dem Alphabet S, das heißt .
...
Google-Korpus
Die Firma Google veröffentlichte im Jahr 2006 6 DVDs mit englischsprachigen N-Grammen, die bei der Indexierung des Webs entstanden. Diese sind jetzt allgemein zugänglich.
...
Die folgende Tabelle gibt eine Übersicht über die zehn (in dieser Textbasis) als häufigste ermittelten Trigramme: ...


(E?)(L?) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-gram

...
Contents ...


(E?)(L?) http://schplock.wordpress.com/2010/12/20/ngram/


Erstellt: 2011-06

O

onomasiology
Onomasiology Online (OnOn)

(E?)(L?) http://www.onomasiology.de/

a linguistic journal edited by
Joachim Grzega, Alfred Bammesberger and Marion Schöner
Last Updated: 17 January 2006
at the University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Germany

Onomasiology is the branch of lexicology that departs from a concept or a referent and asks for the names bestowed to it by different speech communities (and their history). Many, if not every, professional linguists talking to the layman will hear questions like "how do people in A say for X, and why?" Onomasiology is thus at the heart of humans' interest in language.
In the realm of professional onomasiology the following problems arise.
Due to the rich quantity of modern linguistic working material (such as dialect dictionaries, minutely compiled corpora etc.), onomasiological studies, more than ever before, can and must investigate small dialect areas in a detailled way in order to gain valuable insights into the processes of naming and name-changing.
On the other hand, the wider view that fuses the results from the detail studies should not be neglected - especially with regard to new universal findings of cognitive linguistics.
...
Onomasiology Online, an online journal founded in March 2000 and edited by Joachim Grzega and Alfred Bammesberger from the "Katholische Universität Eichstätt", attempts to be this encyclopaedia, or data base. The ultimate goal of our journal is a vast collection of onomasiological detail studies from a vast number of languages which can then serve for drawing comparisons between different language groups. This can be of high interest, especially for cognitive linguists. Everyone working in the field on historical lexicology is therefore warmly invited to submit (even short) onomasiological contributions (cf. style sheet). The focus will of course be on practical studies, but theoretical contributions are also welcome.
...




P

Q

R

S

santafe
Etymology Databases

(E?)(L?) http://ehl.santafe.edu/cgi-bin/main.cgi

Databases:

Long-range etymologies | Nostratic etymology | Altaic etymology | Turkic etymology | Turkic 100 wordlists | Mongolian etymology | Tungus etymology | Korean etymology | Japanese etymology | Indo-European etymology | Germanic etymology | Baltic etymology | Pokorny's dictionary | Vasmer's dictionary | Kartvelian etymology | Dravidian etymology | Brahui etymology | North Dravidian etymology | Gondwan etymology | Gondi etymology | Konda etymology | Pengo-Manda etymology | Kui-Kuwi etymology | Kolami-Gadba etymology | Telugu etymology | South Dravidian etymology | Nilgiri etymology | Sino-Caucasian etymology | North Caucasian Etymology | Andian Etymology | Abkhaz-Adyghe Etymology | Tsezian Etymology | Dargwa Etymology | Khinalug Etymology | Lak Etymology | Lezghian Etymology | Nakh Etymology | Sino-Tibetan Etymology | Chinese characters | Chinese Dialects | Kiranti etymology | Limbu dictionary | Dumi dictionary | Kulung dictionary | Yamphu dictionary | Yenisseian Etymology | Burushaski Etymology | Afroasiatic etymology | Semitic etymology | Berber etymology | Egyptian etymology | Western Chadic etymology | Central Chadic etymology | Eastern Chadic etymology | Bedauye etymology | Saho-Afar etymology | Agaw etymology | Lowland East Cushitic etymology | Highland East Cushitic etymology | Warazi etymology | Southern Cushitic etymology | Dahalo etymology | Mogogodo etymology | Omotic etymology | Austric etymology | Austroasiatic etymology | Bahnar etymology | North Bahnaric etymology | South Bahnaric etymologies | West Bahnaric etymologies | North-West Bahnaric etymologies | Harak etymologies | Khoisan etymology | Peripheral Bushman etymologies | North Khoisan etymologies | #Hoan etymology | South Khoisan (Taa subgroup) etymologies | South Khoisan (!Wi subgroup) etymologies | Central Khoisan etymologies | Khoekhoe etymologies | West Central Khoisan etymologies | East Central Khoisan etymologies | Sandawe etymology | Hadza etymology | A global linguistic database (pdf)


T

U

unesco
Linguistic and terminological resources

(E?)(L?) http://www.unesco.org/culture/translationum/
(E?)(L?) http://portal.unesco.org/culture/en/ev.php-URL_ID=22214&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
Hier findet man Links zu linguistischen Quellen.


We present in this section some links to linguistic resources that may be useful for literary or technical translation. We have included under this label links to different sites that contain reference materials and tools, classified according the working languages. As many states are composed by several linguistic communities and there are languages which are spoken in more than one state, the information may appear under different titles.

Terminological Data Bases Dictionaries, Glossaries and Other Terminological Tools Parallel Texts Amerindian Languages Arabic Armenian Avestan Basque Bengali Catalan Chinese Croatian Dutch Literature Translation English Finnish Guarani Hausa Hebrew Hongarian Japanese Korean Pashto Persian Polish Portuguese Sango Slovene Spanish Swahili Thai Turkish Urdu Vietnamese Yoruba Zarma African Languages Languages of the World


Uni Erfurt
Sprach-Rekonstruktion

(E?)(L1) http://www.uni-erfurt.de/sprachwissenschaft/personal/lehmann/CL_Lehr/Wandel/Wandel_Rekonstruktion.html

...
Eine sprachliche Einheit zu rekonstruieren heißt, eine Hypothese darüber aufzustellen, wie sie war vor der Zeit, da historische Belege darüber vorliegen. Die Datenbasis einer Rekonstruktion sind stets diejenigen historisch dokumentierten Fälle, welche dem gesuchten Rekonstrukt zeitlich am nächsten kommen, d.h. normalerweise die ältesten Dokumente. Zur Rekonstruktion gehört notwendigerweise auch eine Hypothese darüber, wie die historisch belegten sprachlichen Einheiten aus dem Rekonstrukt entstanden sind.
...


Uni Laval
L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Auteur: Jacques Leclerc, membre associé au TLFQ

(E2)(L1) http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/

Ces pages présentent les situations et politiques linguistiques particulières dans 328 États ou territoires autonomes répartis dans les 192 pays (reconnus) du monde.

L'internaute a le choix d'accéder aux États, pays ou régions en fonction des continents, de l'ordre alphabétique (tous les États ou territoires), de la ou des langues officielles, du peuple ou du type de politique linguistique de chacun de ces États ayant adopté l'assimilation, la non-intervention, l'unilinguisme, le bilinguisme officiel, etc.

On peut aussi chercher des informations à partir de THÈMES tels que la Francophonie, l'histoire du français (ou de l'anglais), les familles de langues, les langues du monde (dénombrement, distribution géographique, bilinguisme, etc.), les États non souverains (Catalogne, Crimée, Louisiane, Nouvelle-Calédonie, Pays basque, Porto Rico, Québec, Südtirol, Tessin, etc.).


(E2)(L1) http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/monde/index_alphabetique.htm
12.11.2007:





Uni Laval
Les grande familles linguistiques du monde

(E2)(L1) http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/monde/familles.htm

indo-européenne | sino-tibétaine | austronésienne | chamito-sémitique | dravidienne | japonaise | bantoue | nigéro-congolaise | altaïque | coréenne | austro-asiatique | ouralienne


(E2)(L1) http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/monde/famautres.htm

Toutes les autres familles linguistiques au nombre d'environ 200 sont parlées par quelque 3,9 % de la population mondiale. En voici quelques-unes dans le tableau ci-dessous.




Uni Laval
Lois linguistiques

(E2)(L1) http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/Langues/LOIS-LINGUISTIQUES-index.htm

Textes réunis (plus de 400), colligés et/ou traduits par Jacques Leclerc

La plupart des textes juridiques qui suivent correspondent à des lois linguistiques, mais certains d'entre eux sont des lois non linguistiques contenant de façon ponctuelle des dispositions linguistiques. Certains textes abrogés ou non adoptés ont été inclus en raison de leur grande valeur historique.

Pays Titre Albanie Algérie Allemagne Andorre Argentine Arménie Autriche Belgique Biélorussie Brésil Bulgarie Canada Chine Colombie Costa Rica Croatie Danemark Espagne Estonie États-Unis Europe (Conseil de l') Finlande France Grèce Hongrie Inde Indonésie Irlande Islande Italie Kazakhstan Kirghizistan Lettonie Lituanie Luxembourg Macédoine Malte Maroc Mexique Moldavie Monténégro Nicaragua Norvège Nouvelle-Zélande Ouzbékistan Pays-Bas Pologne Porto Rico Portugal République tchèque Roumanie Royaume-Uni Russie Sénégal Serbie Slovaquie Slovénie Suède Suisse Tchad Tadjikistan Turkménistan Turquie Ukraine Dernière mise à jour: 09 octobre, 2007


Uni Stuttgart
Linguistics & Phonetics Worldwide

(E?)(L?) http://www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/phonetik/joerg/worldwide/lingphon.html

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Institutions Indices: Things and Discussions Publication Databases FAQs Demos and Miscellaneous


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Buecher zur Kategorie:

Etymologie, Etimología, Étymologie, Etimologia, Etymology
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Ameka, Felix K. / Dench, Alan / Evans, Nicholas
Catching Language
The Standing Challenge of Grammar Writing
Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs [Tilsm]

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